用高能非相干衍射揭示质子形状起伏
Revealing proton shape fluctuations with incoherent diffraction at high energy
摘要：
在电子-质子碰撞中，纯衍射矢量介子产生的微分截面携带着关于质子几何结构的重要信息。更具体地说，相干截面作为转移的横向动量的函数是敏感的质子的大小，而非相干的，或质子解离截面是敏感的胶子分布在坐标空间中的波动。我们表明，在高能量的实验测量的相干和非相干截面的生产$J/Ψ$介子是非常好的再现色玻璃凝聚框架内的胶子分布的强几何起伏时，质子。对于$ρ$介子的产生，我们也发现了合理的协议。我们详细研究了我们的结果对各种模型参数的依赖性，包括平均质子形状，分析饱和度和色电荷波动的影响，并限制几何波动的程度。
英文摘要：
The differential cross section of exclusive diffractive vector meson production in electron proton collisions carries important information on the geometric structure of the proton. More specifically, the coherent cross section as a function of the transferred transverse momentum is sensitive to the size of the proton, while the incoherent, or proton dissociative cross section is sensitive to fluctuations of the gluon distribution in coordinate space. We show that at high energies the experimentally measured coherent and incoherent cross sections for the production of $J/Ψ$ mesons are very well reproduced within the color glass condensate framework when strong geometric fluctuations of the gluon distribution in the proton are included. For $ρ$ meson production we also find reasonable agreement. We study in detail the dependence of our results on various model parameters, including the average proton shape, analyze the effect of saturation scale and color charge fluctuations and constrain the degree of geometric fluctuations.
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