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arXiv 0708.2297nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-ex
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核子的密度、部分子分布和非球形形状的测量

Densities, Parton Distributions, and Measuring the Non-Spherical Shape of the Nucleon

Gerald A. Miller

摘要:

与自旋相关的夸克密度,在一定自旋极化的质子态中特定密度算符的矩阵元,表明核子可能具有无限多种的非球形形状。我们表明,这些矩阵元素是密切相关的特定的横向动量依赖的部分子分布的角度依赖性的半包容性的过程电子加质子去电子加π介子加任何东西,和Drell-Yan反应质子加质子去轻子反轻子对加任何东西。新的测量或分析将允许直接展示质子的非球形性质。

英文摘要:

Spin-dependent quark densities, matrix elements of specific density operators in proton states of definite spin-polarization, indicate that the nucleon may harbor an infinite variety of non-spherical shapes. We show that these matrix elements are closely related to specific transverse momentum dependent parton distributions accessible in the angular dependence of the semi-inclusive processes electron plus proton goes to electron plus pion plus anything, and the Drell-Yan reaction proton plus proton goes to a lepton anti-lepton pair plus anything. New measurements or analyses would allow the direct exhibition of the non-spherical nature of the proton.

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