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arXiv 0802.1666astro-ph
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冰辐射和亚毫米波源的红移

Ice emission and the redshifts of submillimeter sources

C. C. Dudley, M. Imanishi, P. R. Maloney

摘要:

在亚毫米波长的观测揭示了一群被认为具有相对较大红移的光源。普朗克函数的Rayleigh-Jeans部分上850 $μ$ m通带的位置导致最大红移估计为$z\sim$ 4.5,因为源将不会保持其接近普朗克函数峰值的红移独立亮度,从而退出测量。在这里,我们审查的证据表明,冰吸收是存在于光谱的本地超亮红外星系,通常被视为类似物的850 $μ$ m源人口。我们认为这种吸收冰诱导的光谱结构在远红外波长的影响,目前的边缘天文证据表明,无定形冰可能有一个功能类似于结晶冰近150 $μ$米。最近的实验室证据支持这一结论。本文认为,对不稳定SN的早期金属富集可能导致相对于高红移的难熔尘埃的高冰含量,并提出了一个相当稳健的探测冰发射的$z=6.42$类星体。它进一步表明,冰排放需要了解的450 $μ$ m源观测的GOODS-N领域。因此,我们鼓励应用远红外冰发射模型的HDF 850.1,在{ \it哈勃深场}最明亮的亚毫米源的现有观测。我们认为,可能需要考虑这个源的红移高达13,比通常的最高估计高出近三倍。列入远红外冰排放的可能性,在模型源的光谱能量分布一般扩大了红移的范围,被认为是亚毫米波源相比,没有冰排放的模型。

英文摘要:

Observations at submillimeter wavelengths have revealed a population of sources thought to be at relatively large redshifts. The position of the 850 $μ$m passband on the Rayleigh-Jeans portion of the Planck function leads to a maximum redshift estimate of $z\sim$4.5 since sources will not retain their redshift independent brightness close to the peak of the Planck function and thus drop out of surveys. Here we review evidence that ice absorption is present in the spectra of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies which are often taken as analogs for the 850 $μ$m source population. We consider the implication of this absorption for ice induced spectral structure at far infrared wavelengths and present marginal astronomical evidence that amorphous ice may have a feature similar to crystalline ice near 150 $μ$m. Recent corroborative laboratory evidence is supportive of this conclusion. It is argued that early metal enrichment by pair instability SN may lead to a high ice content relative to refractory dust at high redshift and a fairly robust detection of ice emission in a $z=6.42$ quasar is presented. It is further shown that ice emission is needed to understand the 450 $μ$m sources observed in the GOODS-N field. We are thus encouraged to apply far infrared ice emission models to the available observations of HDF 850.1, the brightest submillimeter source in the {\it Hubble Deep Field}. We suggest that a redshift as large as 13 may need to be considered for this source, nearly a factor of three above the usual top estimate. Inclusion of the possibility of far infrared ice emission in the spectral energy distributions of model sources generally broadens the range of redshifts to be considered for submillimeter sources compared to models without ice emission.

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