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arXiv 0810.3108astro-ph
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GOODS-North中z=4.05原星系团中的两个明亮亚毫米星系和精确的无线电-红外测光红移

Two bright submillimeter galaxies in a z=4.05 proto-cluster in GOODS-North, and accurate radio-infrared photometric redshifts

E. Daddi, H. Dannerbauer, D. Stern, M. Dickinson, G. Morrison, D. Elbaz, M. Giavalisco, C. Mancini, A. Pope, H. Spinrad

摘要:

利用IRAM Plateau de Bure干涉仪,在大天文台起源深巡天北场(GOODS-N)观测到了两个亚毫米星系GN 20和GN20.2,并偶然发现了z=4.05的分子气体CO发射谱线。它们是通过CO发射可靠识别的最遥远的亚毫米选择星系之一,也是已知最明亮的星系之一。这些新发现的z>4的SMG与目前研究的z~1.5-3的SMG在CO/辐射热光度、恒星质量和恒星形成率(SFR)等方面具有相似性。这些z~4 SMG在相同的红移下比典型的B带丢失Lyman break星系有更高的比SFR。在z~2和z~4之间,正常星系的恒星质量-SFR相关性似乎没有进一步演化。在GOODS-N中观测到了一个显著的z=4.05的光谱红移尖峰,B带脱落星系和IRAC选择的z>3.5星系的空间超密度似乎集中在GN 20和GN20.2星系上。这表明了一个总质量约为10^14 Msun的原星系团结构。利用中红外、亚毫米波段和射电波段的测光方法,我们证明了对于1<z<4的SMG,可以得到可靠的测光红移(Dz/(1+z)~0.1)。这种新的光度红移技术已被用来提供3.5<z<6超亮星暴星系的空间密度的第一次估计,并表明它们对早期SFR密度的贡献很大。许多这样的高红移恒星爆发将在赫歇尔的范围内。我们发现射电与中红外通量密度的比值可以用来选择z>3.5的星暴,而不考虑它们的submm/mm辐射[节略]。

英文摘要:

We present the serendipitous discovery of z=4.05 molecular gas CO emission lines with the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer coincident with GN20 and GN20.2, two luminous submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North field (GOODS-N). These are among the most distant submillimeter-selected galaxies reliably identified through CO emission and also some of the most luminous known. In terms of CO to bolometric luminosities, stellar mass and star formation rates (SFRs), these newly discovered z>4 SMGs are similar to z~1.5-3 SMGs studied to date. These z~4 SMGs have much higher specific SFRs than typical B-band dropout Lyman break galaxies at the same redshift. The stellar mass-SFR correlation for normal galaxies does not seem to evolve much further, between z~2 and z~4. A significant z=4.05 spectroscopic redshift spike is observed in GOODS-N, and a strong spatial overdensity of B-band dropouts and IRAC selected z>3.5 galaxies appears to be centered on the GN20 and GN20.2 galaxies. This suggests a proto-cluster structure with total mass ~10^14 Msun. Using photometry at mid-IR, submm and radio wavelengths, we show that reliable photometric redshifts (Dz/(1+z)~0.1) can be derived for SMGs over 1<z<4. This new photometric redshift technique has been used to provide a first estimate of the space density of 3.5<z<6 hyper-luminous starburst galaxies, and to show that they contribute substantially to the SFR density at early epochs. Many of these high-redshift starbursts will be within reach of Herschel. We find that the radio to mid-IR flux density ratio can be used to select z>3.5 starbursts, regardless of their submm/mm emission [abridged].

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