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arXiv 0802.0718astro-ph
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凌日系外行星系统HD 209458的MOST天基测光:寻找其他行星的凌日时间

MOST Spacebased Photometry of the Transiting Exoplanet System HD 209458: Transit Timing to Search for Additional Planets

E. Miller-Ricci, J. F. Rowe, D. Sasselov, J. M. Matthews, D. B. Guenther, R. Kuschnig, A. F. J Moffat, S. M. Rucinski, G. A. H Walker, W. W. Weiss

摘要:

本文报道了用MOST(Microvariability & Oscillations of Stars)空间望远镜进行的HD 209458行星系统凌日时间的测光测量。偏离恒定的轨道周期可以表明系统中存在尚未被发现的其他行星,其质量可能接近地球质量。2004年和2005年HD 209458的MOST数据集代表了前所未有的时间覆盖范围,几乎连续观测了14天和43天,分别监测了3次凌日和12次连续凌日。我们获得的渡越时间在三个尺度上没有变化:(a)自2004年之前在25 ms水平上P没有长期变化,(b)在2005年运行期间渡越时间没有趋势,(c)没有超过80秒水平的个别渡越时间偏差。加上Agol & Steffen(2007)先前发表的凌日时间,这使我们能够限制系统中额外的近距离行星的存在,在某些情况下,低于地球质量。这个结果,加上之前的径向速度工作,现在排除了一个扰动行星可能是解释HD 209458 b异常低密度所需的额外热源的可能性。

英文摘要:

We report on the measurement of transit times for the HD 209458 planetary system from photometry obtained with the MOST (Microvariability & Oscillations of STars) space telescope. Deviations from a constant orbital period can indicate the presence of additional planets in the system that are yet undetected, potentially with masses approaching an Earth mass. The MOST data sets of HD 209458 from 2004 and 2005 represent unprecedented time coverage with nearly continuous observations spanning 14 and 43 days and monitoring 3 transits and 12 consecutive transits, respectively. The transit times we obtain show no variations on three scales: (a) no long-term change in P since before 2004 at the 25 ms level, (b) no trend in transit timings during the 2005 run, and (c) no individual transit timing deviations above 80 sec level. Together with previously published transit times from Agol & Steffen (2007), this allows us to place limits on the presence of additional close-in planets in the system, in some cases down to below an Earth mass. This result, along with previous radial velocity work, now eliminates the possibility that a perturbing planet could be responsible for the additional heat source needed to explain HD 209458b's anomalous low density.

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