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arXiv 0812.1463astro-ph
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凌日行星系统潮汐演化的经验证据

Empirical evidence for tidal evolution in transiting planetary systems

Frederic Pont

摘要:

大多数凌日行星的轨道非常接近它们的母恒星,在两个天体之间产生强大的潮汐力。潮汐相互作用可以通过轨道对齐、圆化、同步和通过角动量交换的轨道衰减来修改系统的动力学。近距离巨行星潮汐循环的证据众所周知。在这里,我们审查的证据,过度旋转的母星,由于对自旋轨道同步的潮汐力的拉力。我们发现这样一个过程中,在目前的样本过境行星系统的暗示性的经验证据。相应的角动量交换意味着一些行星在原行星盘消散后,已经大量地朝着它们的恒星旋转。我们认为,这可以定量地解释所观察到的质量周期关系的接近气体巨星。我们将讨论如何进一步测试这种情况,并指出一些后果的潮汐相互作用的理论研究,并从径向速度和光度测量凌日行星的检测和确认。

英文摘要:

Most transiting planets orbit very close to their parent star, causing strong tidal forces between the two bodies. Tidal interaction can modify the dynamics of the system through orbital alignment, circularisation, synchronisation, and orbital decay by exchange of angular moment. Evidence for tidal circularisation in close-in giant planet is well-known. Here we review the evidence for excess rotation of the parent stars due to the pull of tidal forces towards spin-orbit synchronisation. We find suggestive empirical evidence for such a process in the present sample of transiting planetary systems. The corresponding angular momentum exchange would imply that some planets have spiralled towards their star by substantial amounts since the dissipation of the protoplanetary disc. We suggest that this could quantitatively account for the observed mass-period relation of close-in gas giants. We discuss how this scenario can be further tested and point out some consequences for theoretical studies of tidal interactions and for the detection and confirmation of transiting planets from radial-velocity and photometric surveys.

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