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arXiv 0801.1120astro-ph
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热自相似相对论性MHD流

Hot self-similar relativistic MHD flows

Nadia L. Zakamska, Mitchell C. Begelman, Roger D. Blandford

摘要:

我们考虑轴对称相对论射流与环形磁场和超相对论状态方程,研究的目标是横向结构的射流的压力是匹配的压力,通过它们传播的介质。我们发现所有自相似的相对论MHD方程的稳态解,这种设置。其中一个解是抛物线射流在通过介质传播时被压力梯度加速的情况,其中压力下降为p(z)\propto z^{-2}。当射流材料由于内部压力梯度而膨胀时,其进入周围介质中,导致材料沿着射流边界堆积,而磁场用于沿着射流的轴线产生磁箍缩。这样的喷流只有在它们在距离z处的张开角θ j小于约1/γ时才能处于侧压平衡,这里γ是在这个距离处的特征体洛仑兹因子;否则,喷流的不同部分不能保持因果接触。我们从我们的自相似模型构建光学薄同步辐射的地图。我们认为边界堆积可能是M87亚秒差距喷流边缘增亮的原因。我们发现,如果同步辐射发射率下降的距离从喷轴,偏振分数上升到边缘,如3C 273和Mkn 501。喷射的投影效应和发射率模式对观测到的偏振信号有很强的影响,因此根据磁场的几何形状对偏振数据的解释是相当不确定的。例如,具有环形磁场的喷流显示在某些BL Lac天体中看到的“脊鞘”偏振角模式。

英文摘要:

We consider axisymmetric relativistic jets with a toroidal magnetic field and an ultrarelativistic equation of state, with the goal of studying the lateral structure of jets whose pressure is matched to the pressure of the medium through which they propagate. We find all self-similar steady-state solutions of the relativistic MHD equations for this setup. One of the solutions is the case of a parabolic jet being accelerated by the pressure gradient as it propagates through a medium with pressure declining as p(z)\propto z^{-2}. As the jet material expands due to internal pressure gradients, it runs into the ambient medium resulting in a pile-up of material along the jet boundary, while the magnetic field acts to produce a magnetic pinch along the axis of the jet. Such jets can be in a lateral pressure equilibrium only if their opening angle θ_j at distance z is smaller than about 1/γ, where γis the characteristic bulk Lorentz-factor at this distance; otherwise, different parts of the jet cannot maintain causal contact. We construct maps of optically thin synchrotron emission from our self-similar models. We suggest that the boundary pile-up may be the reason for the limb-brightening of the sub-parsec jet of M87. We find that if the synchrotron emissivity falls with the distance from the jet axis, the polarization fraction rises toward the edge, as seen in 3C273 and Mkn501. Projection effects and the emissivity pattern of the jet have a strong effect on the observed polarization signal, so the interpretation of the polarization data in terms of the geometry of magnetic fields is rather uncertain. For example, jets with toroidal magnetic fields display the `spine-sheath' polarization angle pattern seen in some BL Lac objects.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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