D. Ballester, I. M. Tkachenko
The Bethe-Larkin formula for the fast projectile stopping power is extended to multi-component plasmas. The results are to contribute to the correct interpretation of the experimental data, which could permit to test the existing and future models of thermodynamic, static, and dynamic characteristics of strongly coupled Coulomb systems.
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The stopping force is the force exerted on a charged projectile by the excess charge of the wake generated by the projectile in the surrounding plasma. Since the wake does not instantly adjust to the projectile velocity, the stopping force should be affected by the projectile deceleration caused by the stopping force itself. We address this effect by deriving the corresponding correction to the stopping force in a cold plasma. We find that if the projectile is an ion, the correction is small when the stopping force is due to the plasma electrons, but can be significant when the stopping force …
The energy deposition and the atomic processes, such as the electron-capture, ionization, excitation and radiative-decays for slow heavy ions in plasma remains an unsolved fundamental problem. Here we investigate, both experimentally and theoretically, the stopping of 100 keV=u helium ions in a well-defined hydrogen plasma. Our precise measurements show a much higher energy loss than the predictions of the semi-classical approaches with the commonly used effective charge. By solving the Time Dependent Rate Equation (TDRE) with all the main projectile states and for all relevant atomic processe…
Molecular dynamics simulations are used to assess the influence of Coulomb coupling on the energy evolution of charged projectiles in the classical one-component plasma. The average projectile kinetic energy is found to decrease linearly with time when $ν_α/ω_{p} \lesssim 10^{-2}$, where $ν_{α}$ is the Coulomb collision frequency between the projectile and the medium, and $ω_{p}$ is the plasma frequency. Stopping power is obtained from the slope of this curve. In comparison to the weakly coupled limit, strong Coulomb coupling causes the magnitude of the stopping power to increase, the Bragg pe…
The Lindhard-Winther (LW) equipartition sum rule shows that within the linear response theory, the stopping power of an energetic point-charge projectile in a degenerate electron gas medium, receives equal contributions from single-particle and collective excitations in the medium. In this paper we show that the LW sum rule does not necessarily hold for an extended projectile ion and for ion-clusters moving in a fully degenerate electron gas. We have derived a generalized equipartition sum rule and some related sum rules for this type of projectiles. We also present numerical plots for He$^{+}…
Modification of the uniform electron gas polarizational stopping power due to the interaction of the projectile with new collective modes at moderate and strong coupling
本文用矩方法自洽版本研究中等及强耦合下均匀电子气极化阻止本领，推导含量子统计和关联的表达式，发现与经典预测显著偏差，推进理论并惠及等离子体与材料科学。
The stopping power of Warm Dense Matter (WDM) is estimated by means of the individual contributions of free electrons and bound electrons existing in this special kind of matter, located between classical and degenerate plasmas. For free electrons, the dielectric formalism, well described in our studies, is used to estimate the free electron stopping power. For bound electrons, the mean excitation energy of ions is used. Excitation energies are obtained through atomic calculations of the whole atom or, shell by shell in order to estimate their stopping power. Influence of temperature and densi…
Using the dielectric theory for a weakly coupled plasma we investigate the stopping power of the ion in a temperature anisotropic magnetized electron plasma. The analysis is based on the assumption that the energy variation of the ion is much less than its kinetic energy. The obtained general expression for stopping power is analyzed for weak and strong magnetic fields (i.e., for the electron cyclotron frequency less than and greater than the plasma frequency), and for low and high ion velocities. It is found that the friction coefficient contains, in addition to the usual velocity independent…
The results of a theoretical investigation on the stopping power of ions moving in a disordered two-dimensional degenerate electron gas are presented. The stopping power for an ion is calculated employing linear response theory using the dielectric function approach. The disorder, which leads to a damping of plasmons and quasiparticles in the electron gas, is taken into account through a relaxation time approximation in the linear response function. The stopping power for an ion is calculated in both the low- and high-velocity limits. In order to highlight the effects of damping we present a c…
The nonperturbative kinetic framework for the stopping power of a charged-particle system for swift point projectiles is implemented. The pair-interaction potential energy required in this framework to two-body elastic scattering is based on the screened interaction energy between system particles. In such an energetically optimized modeling the swift bare projectile interacts with independent screened constituents of a fixed-density interacting many-body target. The first-order Born momentum-transfer (transport) cross section is calculated and thus a comparison with stopping data obtained [Ph…
The results of a theoretical investigation on the stopping power of ion pair in a magnetized electron plasma are presented, with particular emphasis on the two-ion correlation effects. The analysis is based on the assumptions that the magnetic field is classically strong ($λ_B\ll a_c\ll λ_D$, where $λ_B$, $a_c$ and $λ_D$ are respectively the electron de Broglie wavelength, Larmor radius and Debye length) and that the velocity of the two ions is identical and fixed. The stopping power and % vicinage function in a plasma are computed by retaining two-ion correlation effects and is compared with …
In this paper we report on our theoretical studies of various aspects of the correlated stopping power of two point-like ions (a dicluster) moving in close but variable vicinity of each other in some metallic target materials the latter being modelled by a degenerate electron gas with appropriate densities. Within the linear response theory we have made a comprehensive investigation of correlated stopping power, vicinage function and related quantities for a diproton cluster in two metallic targets, aluminum and copper, and present detailed and comparative results for three approximations to t…
Quantum computation of stopping power for inertial fusion target design
本研究提出一种利用容错量子计算机计算惯性聚变靶设计所需阻止本领的协议，基于第一量子化表示优化块编码算法，并报告了逻辑量子比特和Toffoli门成本，证明其可行性。
In this work, the stopping power of a partially ionized plasma is analyzed by means of free electron stopping and bound electron stopping. For the first one, the RPA dielectric function is used, and for the latter one, an interpolation of high and low projectile velocity formulas is used. The dynamical energy loss of an ion beam inside a plasma is estimated by using an iterative scheme of calculation. The Abel inversion is also applied when we have a plasma with radial symmetry. Finally, we compare our methods with two kind of plasmas. In the first one, we estimate the energy loss in a plasma …
The instantaneous charge state of uranium ions traveling through a fully ionized hydrogen plasma has been theoretically studied and compared with one of the first energy loss experiments in plasmas, carried out at GSI-Darmstadt by Hoffmann \textit{et al.} in the 90's. For this purpose, two different methods to estimate the instantaneous charge state of the projectile have been employed: (1) rate equations using ionization and recombination cross sections, and (2) equilibrium charge state formulas for plasmas. Also, the equilibrium charge state has been obtained using these ionization and recom…
Traditionally, it has been assumed that the stopping of a swift ion travelling through matter can be understood in terms of two essentially independent components, i.e. electronic vs. nuclear. Performing extensive Ehrenfest MD simulations of the process of proton irradiation of water ice that accurately describe not only the non-adiabatic dynamics of the electrons but also of the nuclei, we have found a stopping mechanism involving the interplay of the electronic and nuclear subsystems. This effect, which consists in a kinetic energy transfer from the projectile to the target nuclei thanks to …
Nonlinear effects in light-ion stopping powers within real-time time-dependent density functional theory
本研究通过TDDFT计算发现，在惯性聚变能的温稠密物质中，即使低Z离子也会因非线性效应改变约10%的阻止本领，揭示了现有线性响应模型的局限，为未来阻止本领模型的改进提供了参考。
The inelastic interaction between heavy ions and an electron plasma in the presence of an intense radiation field (RF) is investigated. The stopping power of the test ion averaged with a period of the RF has been calculated assuming that $ω_{0} >ω_{p}$, where $ω_{0}$ is the frequency of the RF and $ω_{p}$ is the plasma frequency. In order to highlight the effect of the radiation field we present a comparison of our analytical and numerical results obtained for nonzero RF with those for vanishing RF. It has been shown that the RF may strongly reduce the mean energy loss for slow ions while incr…
Reproducibility of real-time time-dependent density functional theory calculations of electronic stopping power in warm dense matter
该研究通过四种实时TDDFT实现交叉验证了温稠密氢中α粒子电子阻止本领计算的可重复性，发现结果高度一致，并系统分析了赝势、轨迹依赖性和有限尺寸效应等关键方法学因素的影响。
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