质子辐照水冰中电子介导的核阻止本领
Electronic-mediated nuclear stopping power in proton irradiated water ice
摘要：
传统上，人们认为快速离子穿过物质的停止可以用两个基本独立的成分来理解，即电子与核。执行广泛的Eklfest MD模拟的质子照射水冰的过程中，准确地描述不仅是非绝热动力学的电子，但也的核，我们已经发现了一个停止机制，涉及的电子和核子系统的相互作用。这种效应是由于辐射引起的电子密度扰动而导致的从抛射体到靶核的动能转移，它与核停止的原子位移和碰撞级联特性有根本的不同。此外，它显示出明显的同位素效应，这取决于目标的组成，主要与轻水相关，而不是重水。这一结果与长期存在的实验结果相一致，这些结果至今仍无法解释。
英文摘要：
Traditionally, it has been assumed that the stopping of a swift ion travelling through matter can be understood in terms of two essentially independent components, i.e. electronic vs. nuclear. Performing extensive Ehrenfest MD simulations of the process of proton irradiation of water ice that accurately describe not only the non-adiabatic dynamics of the electrons but also of the nuclei, we have found a stopping mechanism involving the interplay of the electronic and nuclear subsystems. This effect, which consists in a kinetic energy transfer from the projectile to the target nuclei thanks to the perturbations of the electronic density caused by the irradiation, is fundamentally different from the atomic displacements and collision cascades characteristic of nuclear stopping. Moreover, it shows a marked isotopic effect depending on the composition of the target, being relevant mostly for light water as opposed to heavy water. This result is consistent with long-standing experimental results which remained unexplained so far.
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