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arXiv 0712.0510astro-ph
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Ia型超新星延迟爆轰模型的三维图像

A Three-Dimensional Picture of the Delayed-Detonation Model of Type Ia Supernovae

Eduardo Bravo, Domingo Garcia-Senz

摘要:

爆燃模型很难解释所观察到的SNIa的多样性。目前SNIa的多维模拟预测了大量的,迄今未观察到的,碳和氧以低速移动。有人提出,这些缺点可以解决,如果有一个突然跳到爆轰(延迟爆轰),但这种模型主要是在一维探索。在这里,我们提出了新的三维延迟爆轰模型,其中爆燃到爆轰转换(DDT)发生在像那些有利于一维模型的条件。我们使用了适用于SNIa的SPH代码,并设计了处理亚音速和超音速燃烧前缘的算法。起点是一颗1.38太阳质量的C-O白矮星。当火焰表面的平均密度达到2 - 3x10^7 g/cm^3时,爆震开始。爆炸波处理了超过0.3个太阳质量的碳和氧,清空了喷出物的中心区域未燃烧的燃料,并将其动能提高到接近健康的Ia型超新星的基准10^51尔格。合成的56Ni的最终量也在正确的范围内。然而,喷出的碳和氧的质量仍然太高。这里探讨的三维延迟爆轰模型显示了对纯爆燃模型的改进,但它们仍然不符合基本的观测约束。然而,该模型的许多方面仍然知之甚少(火焰点火的几何形状,DDT的机制,爆震波穿越燃料和灰烬混合物的特性)。因此,这将是值得继续探索,看看是否可以得到一个良好的SNIa模型的基础上的三维延迟爆轰的情况。

英文摘要:

Deflagration models poorly explain the observed diversity of SNIa. Current multidimensional simulations of SNIa predict a significant amount of, so far unobserved, carbon and oxygen moving at low velocities. It has been proposed that these drawbacks can be resolved if there is a sudden jump to a detonation (delayed detonation), but this kind of models has been explored mainly in one dimension. Here we present new three-dimensional delayed detonation models in which the deflagraton-to-detonation transition (DDT) takes place in conditions like those favored by one-dimensional models. We have used a SPH code adapted to SNIa with algorithms devised to handle subsonic as well as supersonic combustion fronts. The starting point was a C-O white dwarf of 1.38 solar masses. When the average density on the flame surface reached 2-3x10^7 g/cm^3 a detonation was launched. The detonation wave processed more than 0.3 solar masses of carbon and oxygen, emptying the central regions of the ejecta of unburned fuel and raising its kinetic energy close to the fiducial 10^51 ergs expected from a healthy Type Ia supernova. The final amount of 56Ni synthesized also was in the correct range. However, the mass of carbon and oxygen ejected is still too high. The three-dimensional delayed detonation models explored here show an improvement over pure deflagration models, but they still fail to coincide with basic observational constraints. However, there are many aspects of the model that are still poorly known (geometry of flame ignition, mechanism of DDT, properties of detonation waves traversing a mixture of fuel and ashes). Therefore, it will be worth pursuing its exploration to see if a good SNIa model based on the three-dimensional delayed detonation scenario can be obtained.

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