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arXiv 0710.5486astro-ph
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亚克拉塞卡质量白矮星的双爆轰超新星

Double-detonation supernovae of sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs

M. Fink, W. Hillebrandt, F. K. Roepke

摘要:

在Ia型超新星的“双爆轰亚克拉塞卡”模型中,一颗碳氧(C + O)白矮星积累了足够数量的氦,使得在达到克拉塞卡质量之前,该层中的爆轰被点燃。这种爆炸被认为会引发C + O核心的二次爆炸。通过一维和二维的流体动力学模拟,我们研究了这种爆炸机制的一般1-M_sun模型的鲁棒性,并分析其可观测的预测。还分析了数值模拟中的分辨率依赖性。本文用水平集函数和简化的核反应描述方法计算了氦和碳氧混合物中热核爆炸波阵面的传播。在白矮星的核心是否触发二次爆炸的决定是基于文献中给出的标准。在一个参数研究中,涉及不同的初始火焰几何形状的He壳质量为0.2和0.1 Msun,我们发现,二次爆轰点火是一个非常强大的过程。在所考虑的大多数情况下,由He壳中的爆炸产生的会聚冲击波在白矮星中心附近产生爆炸的条件。最后,我们按照完整的演化三个选定的模型与0.2 M太阳的He通过C/O-爆轰阶段,并获得约0.40至0.45 M太阳的镍的质量。虽然我们还没有做一个完整的扫描可能的参数空间,我们的研究结果表明,sub-Bracrasekhar模型是不是正常的或亚发光的Ia型超新星的好候选人。喷出物的化学成分在高膨胀速度下外层含有大量的镍,这与近最大光谱不一致。(略)

英文摘要:

In the "double-detonation sub-Chandrasekhar" model for type Ia supernovae, a carbon-oxygen (C + O) white dwarf accumulates sufficient amounts of helium such that a detonation ignites in that layer before the Chandrasekhar mass is reached. This detonation is thought to trigger a secondary detonation in the C + O core. By means of one- and two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, we investigate the robustness of this explosion mechanism for generic 1-M_sun models and analyze its observable predictions. Also a resolution dependence in numerical simulations is analyzed. The propagation of thermonuclear detonation fronts, both in helium and in the carbon-oxygen mixture, is computed by means of both a level-set function and a simplified description for nuclear reactions. The decision whether a secondary detonation is triggered in the white dwarf's core or not is made based on criteria given in the literature. In a parameter study involving different initial flame geometries for He-shell masses of 0.2 and 0.1 M_sun, we find that a secondary detonation ignition is a very robust process. Converging shock waves originating from the detonation in the He shell generate the conditions for a detonation near the center of the white dwarf in most of the cases considered. Finally, we follow the complete evolution of three selected models with 0.2 M_sun of He through the C/O-detonation phase and obtain nickel-masses of about 0.40 to 0.45 M_sun. Although we have not done a complete scan of the possible parameter space, our results show that sub-Chandrasekhar models are not good candidates for normal or sub-luminous type Ia supernovae. The chemical composition of the ejecta features significant amounts of nickel in the outer layers at high expansion velocities, which is inconsistent with near-maximum spectra. (abbreviated)

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