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arXiv 0711.4110astro-ph
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冷却流中X射线谱线的宽度

Width of X-ray lines in cooling flows

P. Rebusco, E. Churazov, R. A. Sunyaev, H. Boehringer, W. Forman

摘要:

湍流气体运动的耗散是被提出来加热星系团和星系群核心的团内介质(ICM)的可能机制之一。我们考虑气体运动对最突出的X射线发射线的宽度的影响。对于重元素(如铁),预期的线宽比纯热加宽的线宽大得多,湍流气体运动的贡献应该很容易用新一代的X射线微量热计(如Spektr-RG量热计(SXC))检测到。例如,在英仙座星系团中,平衡辐射冷却所需的湍流速度(由Rebusco等人在2006年推导出)意味着6.7 keV Fe线的宽度为10-20 eV,而纯热加宽约为4 eV。线宽的径向依赖性对i)速度振幅的径向依赖性和ii)随机运动的“方向性”(例如,各向同性湍流或主要径向气体运动)敏感。如果能测量出不同气体温度下的几条谱线的宽度,那么就有可能探测气体运动的“方向性”和幅度。此外,对宽度的测量将对可用于耗散的动能的量施加下限,从而对ICM模型产生约束。

英文摘要:

The dissipation of turbulent gas motions is one of the likely mechanisms that has been proposed to heat the intracluster medium (ICM) in the cores of clusters and groups of galaxies. We consider the impact of gas motions on the width of the most prominent X-ray emission lines. For heavy elements (like iron) the expected linewidth is much larger than the width due to pure thermal broadening and the contribution due to turbulent gas motions should be easily detected with the new generation of X-ray micro-calorimeters, such as the Spektr-RG calorimeter (SXC). For instance in the Perseus cluster the turbulent velocity required to balance radiative cooling (as derived by Rebusco et al. 2006), would imply a width of the 6.7 keV Fe line of 10-20 eV, while the pure thermal broadening is ~4 eV. The radial dependence of the linewidth is sensitive to i) the radial dependence of the velocity amplitude and ii) the "directionality" of the stochastic motions (e.g. isotropic turbulence or predominantly radial gas motions). If the width of several lines, characteristic for different gas temperatures, can be measured, then it should be possible to probe both the "directionality" and the amplitude of the gas motions. Moreover a measurement of the width would put a lower limit on the amount of the kinetic energy available for dissipation, giving a constraint on the ICM models.

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