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arXiv 0711.0877cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.supr-con
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关联金属和超导体中的缺陷

Defects in correlated metals and superconductors

H. Alloul, J. Bobroff, M. Gabay, P. J. Hirschfeld

摘要:

在具有强局部库仑相互作用的材料中,简单的缺陷如原子替代强烈影响系统的宏观和局部性质。例如,一个不纯的杂质被认为在附近产生磁性。即使没有无序,这种相关系统的模型通常在2维或3维中也是不可解的,因此很少有关于这种杂质性质的确切结果。然而,一些简单的物理概念已经从实验和近似理论中出现。在这里,我们首先回顾一下我们可以从一维反铁磁关联系统中了解到这个问题。然后,我们讨论了实验上的高Tc铜酸盐正常状态,探测杂质的影响,局部电荷和自旋自由度,并与相关主机中的单个杂质的理论,以及唯象有效的近藤描述比较。随后,我们回顾了d波超导体中杂质的理论,包括剩余准粒子相互作用,并与超导态的实验进行了比较。我们认为,现有的数据表现出显着的相似性,杂质引起的磁性在1D的情况下,这意味着电子相关性的重要性,这些现象的理解,并建议杂质可能提供良好的探针仍然知之甚少的基态的铜酸盐。

英文摘要:

In materials with strong local Coulomb interactions, simple defects such as atomic substitutions strongly affect both macroscopic and local properties of the system. A nonmagnetic impurity, for instance, is seen to induce magnetism nearby. Even without disorder, models of such correlated systems are generally not soluble in 2 or 3 dimensions, and so few exact results are known for the properties of such impurities. Nevertheless, some simple physical ideas have emerged from experiments and approximate theories. Here, we first review what we can learn about this problem from 1D antiferromagnetically correlated systems. We then discuss experiments on the high Tc cuprate normal state which probe the effect of impurities on local charge and spin degrees of freedom, and compare with theories of single impurities in correlated hosts, as well as phenomenological effective Kondo descriptions. Subsequently, we review theories of impurities in d-wave superconductors including residual quasiparticle interactions, and compare with experiments in the superconducting state. We argue that existing data exhibit a remarkable similarity to impurity-induced magnetism in the 1D case, implying the importance of electronic correlations for the understanding of these phenomena, and suggesting that impurities may provide excellent probes of the still poorly understood ground state of the cuprates.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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