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arXiv 0710.5210cond-mat.othernucl-th
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旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的动力学对称性

Dynamical symmetry in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

Shun Uchino, Takaharu Otsuka, Masahito Ueda

摘要:

我们证明了动力学对称性在决定旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)的本征谱结构中起着至关重要的作用。特别地,在单模近似下,自旋为1和自旋为2的BEC的本征谱完全由动力学对称性决定,其中自旋为2的BEC对应于核物理中相互作用玻色子模型的U(5)极限.自旋-3 BEC的本征谱解析解的特定类别的耦合常数,而它表明,动力学对称性本身是不够的,以确定任何耦合常数的频谱。我们还研究了自旋1和自旋2的BEC在没有外部磁场的情况下的低本征谱,并发现,特别是,出现的quasidegenerate谱的反铁磁和循环相。这意味着,这些系统是非常容易受到外部扰动,并可能会经历破环过渡到其他状态时,增加系统的大小。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate that dynamical symmetry plays a crucial role in determining the structure of the eigenspectra of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). In particular, the eigenspectra of spin- 1 and spin-2 BECs in the single-mode approximation are shown to be completely determined by dynamical symmetries, where a spin-2 BEC corresponds to the U(5) limit of the interacting boson model in nuclear physics. The eigenspectrum of a spin-3 BEC is solved analytically for a specific class of coupling constants, while it is shown that dynamical symmetry alone is not enough to determine the spectrum for arbitrary coupling constants. We also study the low-lying eigenspectra of spin-1 and spin-2 BECs in the absence of external magnetic field, and find, in particular, that the quasidegenerate spectra emerge for antiferromagnetic and cyclic phases. This implies that these systems are highly susceptible to external perturbations and may undergo symmetry-breaking transitions to other states upon increasing the size of system.

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