The preliminary NA49 results on the energy dependence of transverse momentum fluctuations over the whole SPS energy range exhibit an unexpected effect. The $Φ_{p_{T}}$ fluctuation measure - used by the NA49 experiment - manifests a different behavior for different charge combinations. Whereas the $Φ_{p_{T}}$ is consistent with zero and independent of energy for negatively charged particles, it significantly increases for both all charged and positively charged particles at lower SPS energies. The string-hadronic model UrQMD is applied here to explain this effect. The UrQMD simulations show that the number of protons is strongly correlated with impact parameter and that the event-by-event impact parameter fluctuations are responsible for the event-by-event transverse momentum fluctuations of positively charged and all charged particles where protons are included. The observations presented in this article are important for all experiments measuring event-by-event fluctuations, especially for those using all charged particles in the analysis. The results can be also crucial for detectors with acceptances extending to the beam/target spectator domains.
Pseudorapidity profile of transverse momentum fluctuations in heavy ion collisions
本文研究了相对论重离子碰撞中粒子平均横向流的赝快度关联。本文采用3+1维粘性相对论流体动力学方法,在夸克Glauber Monte Carlo模型的初始条件下,研究了最近在$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2760$ GeV下Pb+Pb碰撞中横向动量涨落的赝快度关联.我们发现模型预测和数据之间的良好协议。此外,我们还研究了另外两个观测量在不同快度仓中的平均横动量协方差。这些观测值在各种系统学下具有更好的稳定性,从而允许数据和模型之间的鲁棒性比较。横向流-横向流相关系数与不同拟速下的底层集体流相关系数直接相关。伪快度中的$p_T$分解破缺的3-bin测量给出了纵向平均横向流的可能去相关的估计。
Search for QCD Phase Transitions and the Critical Point utilizing Particle Ratio Fluctuations and Transverse Momentum Correlations from the STAR Experiment
Multiplicity and Transverse Spherocity dependence of $\langle p_{\rm T} \rangle$ fluctuations of charged particles in p$-$p collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 and 13 TeV
The collectivity of transverse momentum fluctuations
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur(印度科学教育研究所布兰普尔分校);Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences(波兰科学院核物理研究所);Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Institut de physique théorique(巴黎萨克雷大学、法国国家科学研究中心、法国原子能和替代能源委员会、理论物理研究所)
The eccentricities of flow - elliptic flow fluctuations and evidence for transverse localization in the initial state of the matter in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Event-by-event fluctuations of the mean transverse momentum in 40, 80, and 158 A GeV/c Pb-Au collisions
本文测量了40、80和158 A GeV/c的Pb-Au碰撞中的平均横动量随事件的涨落。在中等快度时,观测到的平均p_T涨落比统计独立的粒子发射的期望值大得多。结果比最近在RHIC的测量结果要小一些。在所研究的μ B范围内,没有观察到平均p_T涨落随碰撞能变化的可能的非单调行为,这种非单调行为可能表明系统已经通过了QCD相图的临界点。Pb-Au中平均p_T涨落的中心性依赖性与pp碰撞的外推一致,假设非统计涨落与多重数成比例。将结果与RQMD和UrQMD事件生成器的计算结果进行比较。
Transverse momentum fluctuations and Δη-Δϕcorrelations in p+p interactions at the CERN SPS energies
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点,并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。这些目标是通过测量质子-质子、质子-核和核-核相互作用中强子产生特性随碰撞能量和系统尺寸的变化来实现的。接近临界点的波动增加的预测。本文将介绍利用NA 61/SHINE能量扫描对p+p碰撞的横向动量涨落和两粒子赝快度/方位角关联的初步结果。这些新的结果将与NA 49中心Pb+Pb碰撞和模型预测的数据进行比较。
Transverse Momentum and Multiplicity Fluctuations in Ar+Sc Collisions at the CERN SPS from NA61/SHINE
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点,并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。为了实现这些目标,正在SPS上通过测量质子-质子、质子-原子核和原子核-原子核相互作用中强子的产生作为碰撞能量和系统尺寸的函数,对二维相图($T$ - $μ_{B}$)进行扫描。在这方面的贡献的初步结果表示的横向动量和多重性波动的强烈密集的数量从Ar+Sc的能量扫描。预计这些波动对临界点的存在很敏感。的结果进行了比较,从p+p和Be+Be能量扫描的结果,以及与NA 49测量。
Transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations in Ar+Sc collisions at the CERN SPS from NA61/SHINE
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点,并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。为了实现这些目标,正在SPS上通过测量质子-质子、质子-原子核和原子核-原子核相互作用中强子的产生作为碰撞能量和系统尺寸的函数,对二维相图($T$ - $μ_{B}$)进行扫描。在这方面的贡献的初步结果表示的横向动量和多重性波动的强烈密集的数量从Ar+Sc的能量扫描。预计这些波动对临界点的存在很敏感。的结果进行了比较,从p+p和Be+Be能量扫描的结果,以及与NA 49测量。
Transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations in the Be+Be energy scan from NA61/SHINE
NA 61/SHINE实验的目的是发现强相互作用物质的临界点,并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。这些目标是通过测量质子-质子、质子-核和核-核相互作用中强子产生特性随碰撞能和系统尺寸的变化而进行二维相图($T-μ_{B}$)扫描来实现的。接近临界点时,预计波动会增加。本文介绍了Be+Be能量扫描中用强强度量表示的横向动量和多重数涨落的初步结果。数据完全校正了非靶标相互作用的贡献。Be+Be的结果进行了比较与NA 61/SHINE测量从p+p能量扫描,与NA 49结果从中心Pb+Pb碰撞以及与模型预测。
Measurement of event-by-event transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations using strongly intensive measures $Δ[P_T, N]$ and $Σ[P_T, N]$ in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron