NA 61/SHINE实验的目的是发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。这些目标是通过测量质子-质子、质子-核和核-核相互作用中强子产生特性随碰撞能和系统尺寸的变化而进行二维相图（$T-μ_{B}$）扫描来实现的。接近临界点时，预计波动会增加。本文介绍了Be+Be能量扫描中用强强度量表示的横向动量和多重数涨落的初步结果。数据完全校正了非靶标相互作用的贡献。Be+Be的结果进行了比较与NA 61/SHINE测量从p+p能量扫描，与NA 49结果从中心Pb+Pb碰撞以及与模型预测。
英文摘要：
The NA61/SHINE experiment aims to discover the Critical Point of strongly interacting matter and study the properties of the onset of deconfinement. These goals are to be achieved by per- forming a two-dimensional phase diagram ($T-μ_{B}$) scan by measurements of hadron production properties in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions as a function of col- lision energy and system size. Close to the Critical Point an increase of fluctuations is predicted. This contribution presents preliminary results on transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctua- tions expressed in terms of strongly intensive quantities from the Be+Be energy scan. The data are fully corrected for contributions from non-target interactions. The Be+Be results are compared with NA61/SHINE measurements from the p+p energy scan, with NA49 results from central Pb+Pb collisions as well as with model predictions.
Higher order moments of net-charge and multiplicity distributions in p+p interactions at SPS energies from NA61/SHINE
NA 61/SHINE是CERN SPS的一个固定目标实验，追求丰富的物理计划，包括重离子，中微子和宇宙射线物理的测量。离子计划的主要目标是研究解除禁闭的开始的性质，并寻找临界点的特征。临界点的一个特殊性质，即相关长度的增加，使波动成为其基本信号。合适的可观测量的高阶矩特别令人感兴趣，因为它们比通常研究的二阶矩对相关长度更敏感。本文给出了p+p相互作用中负电荷强子多重数和净电荷的高阶涨落的初步结果。新数据与模型预测进行了比较。
The NA61/SHINE experiment aims to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter and study the properties of the onset of deconfinement. For these goals a scan of the two dimensional phase diagram ($T$-$μ_{B}$) is being performed at the SPS by measurements of hadron production in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions as a function of collision energy and system size. In this contribution preliminary results on transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations expressed in terms of strongly intensive quantities from the Ar+Sc energy scan will be presented. T…
Transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations in Ar+Sc collisions at the CERN SPS from NA61/SHINE
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。为了实现这些目标，正在SPS上通过测量质子-质子、质子-原子核和原子核-原子核相互作用中强子的产生作为碰撞能量和系统尺寸的函数，对二维相图（$T$ - $μ_{B}$）进行扫描。在这方面的贡献的初步结果表示的横向动量和多重性波动的强烈密集的数量从Ar+Sc的能量扫描。预计这些波动对临界点的存在很敏感。的结果进行了比较，从p+p和Be+Be能量扫描的结果，以及与NA 49测量。
NA 61/SHINE是CERN SPS的一个大接受度固定靶实验，主要研究各种粒子与核相互作用中的末态强子态。本文的主要内容是Ar+Sc和Be+Be碰撞的平均负电荷π介子多重数$\langle π^{-} \rangle$的初步结果。这些数据是最近由NA 61/SHINE合作组在广泛的束流动量范围内获得的。测量的快度分布$\frac{dn}{dy}$外推到未测量的区域，以获得总的多重数$\langle π^{-} \rangle$。本文介绍了一种利用EPOS MC模型计算平均受伤核子数$\langle W \rangle$的新方案。利用其它实验数据，讨论了不同碰撞和束流动量下的$\frac{\langle π\rangle}{\langle W \rangle}$
Latest results from the NA61/SHINE beam energy scan with p+p and Be+Be collisions
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并通过测量CERN SPS能量范围内质子-质子，质子-核和核-核相互作用中的强子产生特性来研究解除禁闭开始的特性。这一贡献提出了强子谱的能量依赖性的结果，以及在p+p和中心选择Be+Be碰撞的波动和两个粒子的相关性。特别是，能量依赖的信号的解除禁闭，“喇叭”，观察到在中心Pb+Pb碰撞的比较与相应的结果从p+p相互作用。此外，弦强子模型进行了测试，使用强子谱和p+p相互作用中测量的波动。结果的波动（多重性和横向动量）的函数的碰撞能量的Be+Be和p+p碰撞在寻找强相互作用物质的临界点。
Energy dependence of hadron spectra and yields in p+p and $^7$Be+$^9$Be collisions from the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS
NA 61/SHINE关于强相互作用的方案包括研究解除封闭的开始，目的是通过在欧洲核子研究中心的整个SPS动量范围内进行能量和系统大小的扫描，发现强相互作用物质的临界点。到目前为止，已经完成了p+p，$^7$ Be+ $^9$ Be，以及Ar+Sc的扫描。从p+p和Be+Be碰撞的结果现在出现，特别是强子谱和产额的能量依赖性。将介绍这一努力的现状和初步结果。
The aim of the NA61/SHINE strong interaction programme is to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. The main physics goals are the study of the onset of deconfinement and the search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter. These goals are pursued by performing a beam momentum (13A -- 150/158A GeV/c) and system size (p+p, p+Pb, Be+Be, Ar+Sc, Xe+La, Pb+Pb) scan. This contribution presents new results from NA61/SHINE on fluctuations and correlations which include in particular quantum correlations, as well as multiplicity and net-charge fluctuations, proton densit…
Recent results from NA61/SHINE and comparison to NA49
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。它还为中微子和宇宙射线实验进行精确的强子产生测量。这些目标正在通过测量强子在核-核、质子-质子和质子/π-核相互作用中的产生特性作为碰撞能量和碰撞核大小的函数来实现。这篇文章介绍了NA 61单粒子谱离子计划的初步结果，并在CERN SPS上确定了p+p相互作用中的粒子多重性波动。与NA 49实验获得的p+p和Pb+Pb碰撞的结果进行了比较。
The NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron is pursuing a rich programme on strong interactions, which covers the study of the onset of deconfinement and aims to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter by performing an energy and system-size scan over the full CERN SPS beam momentum range. So far the scans of p+p, p+Pb, Be+Be, and Ar+Sc interactions have been completed, samples of Pb+Pb data at three energies have already been taken and Xe+La collisions will be registered this year. Results from the different reactions are now emerging, in particular the e…
NA 61/SHINE是CERN SPS的一个固定目标实验，追求丰富的物理计划，包括重离子，中微子和宇宙射线物理的测量。强相互作用计划的主要目标是研究解除禁闭开始的性质和寻找临界点的特征。在这方面的贡献最新的NA 61/SHINE结果粒子谱以及波动和相关性从p+p，Be+Be，和Ar+Sc的能量扫描。NA 61的测量结果将与世界数据和模式预测进行比较。
NA61/SHINE is a fixed target experiment operating at CERN SPS. Its main goals are to search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter and to study the onset of deconfinement. For these goals a scan of the two dimensional phase diagram ($T$-$μ_{B}$) is being performed at the SPS by measurements of hadron production in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions as a function of collision energy. In this paper the status of the search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter by the NA61/SHINE Collaboration is presented including recent results on proto…
The NA61/SHINE strong interaction programme aims to explore the phase diagram of the strongly interacting matter. The main physics goals are the study of the onset of deconfinement and the search for the critical point of the strongly interacting matter. These goals are pursued by performing a scan in beam momentum (13A -- 158A GeV/c) and size of colliding system (p+p, p+Pb, Be+Be, Ar+Sc, Xe+La, Pb+Pb). This contribution presents new results on system size and energy dependence of multiplicity and net-charge fluctuations measured with higher-order moments of these distributions. Also, new resu…
Multiplicity and net-electric charge fluctuations in central Ar+Sc interactions at 13A, 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A, and 150A GeV/c beam momenta measured by NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS
The NA61/SHINE experiment is a fixed-target, broad acceptance facility at the CERN SPS. This contribution summarizes the most recent results from the strong interactions NA61/SHINE programme and presents news on the detector upgrade in preparation for the future data taking. The strong interactions programme consists in a two-dimensional scan in beam momentum (from 13A to 150A/158A GeV/c, \sqrt{s_{NN}} from 5.1 to 17.3 GeV) and system size (p + p, Be + Be, Ar + Sc, Xe + La reactions). The experiment searches for the second-order critical end-point in the temperature versus baryo-chemical poten…
The NA61/SHINE experiment aims to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter and study the properties of the onset of deconfinement. For these goals a scan of the two dimensional phase diagram ($T-μ_{B}$) is being performed at the SPS by measurements of hadron production in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions as a function of collision energy. This paper presents preliminary results from Be+Be collisions on pseudorapidity dependences of transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations expressed in terms of strongly intensive quantities. It is shown t…
The NA61/SHINE experiment aims to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter and study the properties of the onset of deconfinement. For this purpose we perform a two-dimensional scan of the ($T-μ_{B}$) phase diagram by varying the energy ($5.1 < \sqrt{s_{NN}} < 16.8/17.3$ GeV) and the system size (p+p, p+Pb, Be+Be, Ar+Sc, Xe+La, Pb+Pb) of the collisions. In this article the NA61/SHINE results on particle spectra as well as fluctuations and correlations in p+p, Be+Be, Ar+Sc, and Pb+Pb collisions are presented. In particular, the latest results on charged kaons spectra, charged …
Two particle correlations from the energy scan with p+p interactions
NA 61/Shine实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。这些目标是通过测量质子-质子、质子-核和核-核相互作用中强子产生特性随碰撞能量和系统尺寸的变化而进行二维相图T-mu_B扫描来实现的。接近相变和/或接近临界点的大的波动被预测。在这篇文章中，我们将给出在束流动量为20、31、40、80和158 GeV/c的p+p相互作用中，赝快度和方位角的两粒子关联的初步结果。NA 61/Shine的结果将与其他实验和模型预测的相应数据进行比较。观察到一个惊人的演化与碰撞能量。
The NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS is pursuing a rich programme on strong interactions, covering the study of onset of deconfinement and aims to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter by performing an energy and system-size scan at the full CERN SPS momentum range. These scans of p+p, p+Pb, Be+Be, Ar+Sc and Pb+Pb have been mostly completed with Xe+La last year (more Pb+Pb to to taken this year). Results from the different reactions are now emerging. As a surprise, some measurements did not scale smoothly. In particular, for the $\rm K^+/\piup^+$ ratio, Be+Be collisio…
NA61/SHINE is a multipurpose fixed-target facility at the CERN SPS. The main goals of the NA61/SHINE strong-interactions programme are to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter as well as to study the properties of the onset of deconfinement. In order to reach these goals, a study of hadron production properties is performed in nucleus-nucleus, proton-proton and proton-nucleus interactions as a function of collision energy and size of the colliding nuclei. In this contribution, the NA61/SHINE results from a strong interaction measurement programme are presented. In particul…
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。为了实现这些目标，正在SPS上对二维相图（T- $μ_B$）进行扫描，测量质子-质子、质子-原子核和原子核-原子核相互作用中强子的产生，作为碰撞能量和系统尺寸的函数。在这方面的贡献有趣的结果的能量依赖的强子谱和产额在非弹性p+p和中心选择Be+Be碰撞。特别是，在p+p相互作用的信号的能量依赖性的decenclosure，“角”，“步骤”和“扭结”，将提出和比较从中央铅+铅碰撞NA 49的相应结果。
Energy dependence of fluctuations in p+p and Be+Be collisions from NA61/SHINE
NA 61/SHINE实验的主要目的是发现强相互作用物质的临界点和研究解除禁闭的起始性质。为了实现这一目标的二维扫描的相图（T- $μ_{B}$）正在进行的质子-质子，质子-核和核-核相互作用的碰撞能量和系统大小的函数的强子生产的测量在SPS。预计各种动力学量的波动将在接近临界点时增加。在这方面的贡献最近的测量结果在p+p和Be+Be碰撞在SPS能量的波动，以及与模型预测和相应的其他实验数据的比较进行了讨论。
NA61/SHINE (SPS Heavy Ion and Neutrino Experiment) is a fixed target experiment located at the CERN SPS. Its strong interactions program is devoted to study properties of the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. For this goal the two-dimensional scan is performed by measurements of hadron production properties as a function of collision energy (13A - 158A GeV/$c$) and system size (p+p, p+Pb, Be+Be, Ar+Sc, Xe+La, Pb+Pb). This contribution presents new results on the onset of deconfinement - the transition between the state of hadronic matter and the quark-gluon plasma. Also, new result…
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。这些目标是通过进行二维相图（$T$ - $μ_{B}$）扫描-测量质子-质子，质子-核和核-核相互作用中强子产生特性作为碰撞能量和系统大小的函数来实现的。本文概述了NA 61/SHINE离子计划的现状和未来计划，并介绍了该计划的第一批物理结果。
NA61/SHINE is an experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. The main goals of the experiment are the search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter and the study of the properties of the onset of deconfinement. To reach these goals, the two-dimensional scan in beam momentum ($13A-150A$ GeV/$c$) and system size ($p$+$p$, Be+Be, Ar+Sc, Xe+La, Pb+Pb) was performed. In the final stage of the collision, the spectra of protons are only weakly affected by the effects of resonance decays and rescattering due to their large mass. Thus, proton rapidity distribution is particularly se…
NA61/SHINE is a multipurpose fixed-target facility at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. The main goals of the NA61/SHINE strong interactions program are to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter and study the properties of the onset of deconfinement. To reach these goals, hadron production measurements are performed in the form of a two-dimensional scan by varying collision energy and system size. The Collaboration has recently finished data acquisition for its original program on strong interactions, accumulating broad data samples on hadron production in various systems …
Recent preliminary results on multiplicity fluctuations in p+p, Be+Be and Ar+Sc collisions from the NA61/SHINE collaboration are presented. The scaled variance of charged hadron multiplicity changes little when going from p+p to Be+Be collisions and drops dramatically from Be+Be to Ar+Sc interactions. The centrality selection procedure and the influence of volume fluctuations are discussed. Comparisons with the EPOS event generator are shown.
The fixed-target NA61/SHINE experiment (SPS CERN) looks for the critical point (CR) of strongly interacting matter and the properties of the onset of deconfinement. It is a scan of measurements of particle spectra and fluctuations in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions as a function of collision energy and system size, corresponding to a two dimensional phase diagram (T-$μ_B$). New measurements and their objectives, related to the third stage of the experiment after 2020 are presented and discussed here.
NA61/SHINE has recently completed data acquisition for its original programme on strong interactions. The Collaboration has gathered rich data on collisions of ions in a two-dimensional scan: varying the beam energy and the sizes of colliding nuclei. The most recent analysis of hadron production in $^{40}$Ar+$^{45}$Sc and $^{7}$Be+$^{9}$Be interactions deliver some puzzling results which none of the theoretical models can reproduce.
This paper presents the studies on the influence of the target material impurities on physical observables registered in heavy ion collisions collected by fixed target experiments. It mainly concerns the measures of multiplicity fluctuations which can be used to searches for critical point of strongly interacting matter, e.g. in the {NA61/SHINE} fixed-target experiment at CERN SPS. The elemental composition of the targets used in the NA61/SHINE experiment was determined applying wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) technique. The influence of measured target impurities on multiplic…
A search for the critical behavior of strongly interacting matter was performed at the NA61/SHINE experiment by studying event-by-event fluctuations of multiplicity and transverse momentum of charged hadrons produced in inelastic p+p collisions at 20, 31, 40, 80 and 158 GeV/c beam momentum. Results for the energy dependence of the scaled variance of the multiplicity distribution and for two families of strongly intensive measures of multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations $Δ[P_{T},N]$ and $Σ[P_{T},N]$ are presented. These quantities were studied in different pseudorapidity intervals,…
NA61/SHINE is a multi-purpose experiment to study hadron-proton, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The experiment performs unique measurements for the physics of strong interactions as well as important reference measurements for neutrino and cosmic-ray physics. The primary goals of the experiment are the study of the onset of deconfinement and the search for the critical point of the strongly interacting matter, to uncover the mechanism of thermalisation and to test the validity of statistical models. For this purpose, a two-dimensional …
Recently, Chatterjee et al used a hadronic transport model to estimate the resolution with which various experimental quantities select the impact parameter of relativistic heavy ion collisions at collision energies relevant to the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Measures based on particle multiplicity at forward rapidity were found to be significantly worse than those based on midrapidity multiplicity. Using the same model, we show that a slightly more sophisticated measure greatly improves the resolution based on forward rapidity particles; this …
The search for experimental signatures of the critical point (CP) of strongly interacting matter is one of the main objectives of the NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN SPS. In the course of the experiment, a beam momentum and system size scan is performed. Local proton density fluctuations in transverse momentum space represent an order parameter of the chiral phase transition and are expected to scale according to a universal power-law in the vicinity of the CP; we probe their behavior through an intermittency analysis of the proton second scaled factorial moments (SSFMs) in transverse momentum s…
Transverse momentum fluctuations and Δη-Δϕcorrelations in p+p interactions at the CERN SPS energies
NA 61/SHINE实验旨在发现强相互作用物质的临界点，并研究解除禁闭开始的性质。这些目标是通过测量质子-质子、质子-核和核-核相互作用中强子产生特性随碰撞能量和系统尺寸的变化来实现的。接近临界点的波动增加的预测。本文将介绍利用NA 61/SHINE能量扫描对p+p碰撞的横向动量涨落和两粒子赝快度/方位角关联的初步结果。这些新的结果将与NA 49中心Pb+Pb碰撞和模型预测的数据进行比较。
Status and plans of the ion program of NA61 at the CERN SPS
NA 61/SHINE是研究p+p p+A、h+A和A+A相互作用中强子产生的新实验。NA 61离子计划的主要目标是探索强相互作用物质的相图（T-mu_B）。特别是，我们计划研究的性质的开始解除限制，并寻找签名的临界点。通过改变碰撞的能量（13 A-158 A GeV）和系统尺寸（p+p，Be+Be，Ar+Ca，Ar +La）来进行相图的二维扫描。本文概述了NA 61/SHINE离子计划的现状和计划。特别是探测器升级，数据采集时间表和光谱和相关性的第一个结果进行了讨论。
The measurement of $K^{*}(892)^0$ resonance production via its $K^{+}π^{-}$ decay mode in inelastic p+p collisions at beam momentum 158 GeV/$c$ ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=17.3$ GeV) is presented. The data were recorded by the NA61/SHINE hadron spectrometer at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. The \textit{template} method was used to extract the $K^{*}(892)^0$ signal and double differential transverse momentum and rapidity spectra were obtained. The full phase-space mean multiplicity of $K^{*}(892)^0$ mesons was found to be $(78.44 \pm 0.38 \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 6.0 \mathrm{(sys)) \cdot 10^{-3}}$. The NA61…
The production of $Ξ(1321)^{-}$ and $\overlineΞ(1321)^{+}$ hyperons in inelastic p+p interactions is studied in a fixed target experiment at a beam momentum of 158 GeV/textit{c}. Double differential distributions in rapidity y and transverse momentum $p_{T}$ are obtained from a sample of 33M inelastic events. They allow to extrapolate the spectra to full phase space and to determine the mean multiplicity of both $Ξ^{-}$ and $\overlineΞ^{+}$. The rapidity and transverse momentum spectra are compared to transport model predictions. The $Ξ^{-}$ mean multiplicity in inelastic p+p interactions at 1…
Measurement of event-by-event transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations using strongly intensive measures $Δ[P_T, N]$ and $Σ[P_T, N]$ in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron
