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arXiv 0710.0885quant-ph
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量子形式主义与GRW形式主义

The Quantum Formalism and the GRW Formalism

Sheldon Goldstein, Roderich Tumulka, Nino Zanghi

摘要:

已知自发波函数坍缩的Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber(GRW)理论提供了一个没有观察者的量子理论,实际上是通过使用物质密度本体(GRWm)或闪光本体(GRWf)的两个不同的理论。众所周知,这两种理论的预言都与量子力学的预言不同,但差别是如此之小,以至于还不能进行决定性的实验。虽然人们早就知道某些可检验的偏离量子力学的结果,但我们在这里提供了一些迄今为止一直缺失的东西:一种简洁地总结了GRWm和GRWf的经验预测的形式主义。我们称之为GRW形式主义。它的结构类似于量子形式主义,但涉及不同的运营商。换句话说,我们建立了一个通用算法的有效性,直接计算GRWm和GRWf的可测试的预测。我们进一步表明,一些定义良好的量不能在GRWm或GRWf世界测量。

英文摘要:

The Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber (GRW) theory of spontaneous wave function collapse is known to provide a quantum theory without observers, in fact two different ones by using either the matter density ontology (GRWm) or the flash ontology (GRWf). Both theories are known to make predictions different from those of quantum mechanics, but the difference is so small that no decisive experiment can as yet be performed. While some testable deviations from quantum mechanics have long been known, we provide here something that has until now been missing: a formalism that succinctly summarizes the empirical predictions of GRWm and GRWf. We call it the GRW formalism. Its structure is similar to that of the quantum formalism but involves different operators. In other words, we establish the validity of a general algorithm for directly computing the testable predictions of GRWm and GRWf. We further show that some well-defined quantities cannot be measured in a GRWm or GRWf world.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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