Scalar field systems containing higher derivatives are studied and quantized by Hamiltonian path integral formalism. A new point to previous quantization methods is that field functions and their derivatives with time are considered as independent canonical variables. Consequently, generating functional, explicit expressions of propagators and Feynman diagrams in $ϕ^3$ theory are found
This work is dedicated to the quantization of the light-front Yukawa model in D=1+3 dimensions with higher order derivatives of the scalar field. The problem of the computing Dirac brackets and the (anti-) commutator algebra of interacting fields in the presence of the constraints is discussed. The Dirac method and the Ostrogradski formalism of the higher order derivatives are exploited. The systematic method of obtaining the inverse of the functional Dirac-Bergmann matrix with interactions and higher order derivatives is introduced in two variants. The discussion of applications and details o…
We study a sixth order derivative scalar field model in Minkowski spacetime as a toy model of higher-derivative critical gravity theories. This model is consistently quantized when using the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) quantization scheme even though it does not show gauge symmetry manifestly. Imposing a BRST quartet generated by two scalars and ghosts, there remains a non-trivial subspace with positive norm. This might be interpreted as a Minkowskian dual version of the unitary truncation in the logarithmic conformal field theory.
The quantization of higher order time derivative theories including interactions is unclear. In this paper in order to solve this problem, we propose to consider a complex version of the higher order derivative theory and map this theory to a real first order theory. To achieve this relationship, the higher order derivative formulation must be complex since there is not a real canonical transformation from this theory to a real first order theory with stable interactions. In this manner, we work with a non-Hermitian higher order time derivative theory. To quantize this complex theory, we intro…
While perturbative techniques work extremely well for weakly interacting field theories (e.g. QED), they are not useful when studying strongly interacting field theories (e.g. QCD at low energies). In this paper we review Heisenberg's idea about quantizing strongly interacting, non-linear fields, and an approximate method of solving the infinite set of Tamm-Dankoff equations is suggested. We then apply this procedure to an infinite energy, classical flux tube-like solution of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory and show that this quantization procedure ameliorates some of the bad behaviour of the classica…
Non-relativistic charged open strings coupled with Abelian gauge fields are quantized in a geometric representation that generalizes the Loop Representation. The model comprises open-strings interacting through a Kalb-Ramond field in four dimensions. It is shown that a consistent geometric-representation can be built using a scheme of ``surfaces and lines of Faraday'', provided that the coupling constant (the ``charge'' of the string) is quantized.
We discuss the quantization of a self-interacting string consisting of maximally charged matter. We construct the Hamiltonian in the non-relativistic limit by expanding around a static solution of the Einstein-Maxwell field equations. Conformal symmetry is broken on the worldsheet, but a subgroup of the conformal group acts as the gauge group of the theory. Thus, the Faddeev-Popov quantization procedure of fixing the gauge is applicable. We calculate the Hamiltonian and show that, if properly quantized, the system possesses a well-defined ground state and the spacing of its energy levels is of…
Deformation quantization of Poisson manifolds is studied within the framework of an expansion in powers of derivatives of Poisson structures. We construct the Lie group associated with a Poisson bracket algebra which defines a second order deformation in the derivative expansion.
A conformally invariant model of two interacting massless particles in Minkowski space was proposed by Casalbuoni and Gomis [1]. We generalize this model to the case of de Sitter space from the perspective of geodesic distance, in such a way that the resulting, generalized action reduces to the original action in a limit that de Sitter radius goes to infinity. We analyze the Hamiltonian formulation in accordance with Dirac's prescription for constrained Hamiltonian systems and carry out its subsequent canonical quantization in coordinate representation following DeWitt. As the result, we deriv…
Free noncommutative fields constitute a natural and interesting example of constrained theories with higher derivatives. The quantization methods involving constraints in the higher derivative formalism can be nicely applied to these systems. We study real and complex free noncommutative scalar fields where momenta have an infinite number of terms. We show that these expressions can be summed in a closed way and lead to a set of Dirac brackets which matches the usual corresponding brackets of the commutative case.
Using the method of perturbative quantization in the first order approximation, we quantize a non-local QED-like theory including fermions and bosons whose interactions are described by terms containing higher order space-time derivatives. As an example, the two-dimensional space-time noncommutative QED (NC-QED) is quantized perturbatively up to O(e^2,θ^3), where e is the NC-QED coupling constant and θis the noncommutativity parameter. The resulting modified Lagrangian density is shown to include terms consisting of first order time-derivative and higher order space-derivatives of the modified…
In a perturbative approach Einstein-Hilbert gravity is quantized about a flat background. In order to render the model power counting renormalizable, higher order curvature terms are added to the action. They serve as Pauli-Villars type regulators and require an expansion in the number of fields in addition to the standard expansion in the number of loops. Renormalization is then performed within the BPHZL scheme, which provides the action principle to construct the Slavnov-Taylor identity and invariant differential operators. The final physical state space of the Einstein-Hilbert theory is re…
This work addresses the quantization of a self-interacting higher order time derivative theory using path integrals. To quantize this system and avoid the problems of energy not bounded from below and states of negative norm, we observe the following steps: 1) We extend the theory to the complex plane and in this sense we double the degrees of freedom. 2) We add a total derivative to fix the convenient boundary conditions. 3) We check that the complex structure is consistent. 4) To map from the complex space to the real space we introduce reality conditions as second class constraints and we c…
We show that the requirement of the relativistic invariance for any self-interacting, abelian p-form theory uniquely determines the form of the corresponding quantization condition.
We study the quantum mechanics of the derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation which has appeared in many areas of physics and is known to be classically integrable. We find that the N-body quantum problem is exactly solvable with both bound states (with an upper bound on the particle number) and scattering states. Quantization provides an alternative way to understand various features of the classical model, such as chiral solitons and two-soliton scattering.
The paper is devoted to a description of quantum group structures in the geometric quantization of a self-interacting string field, which appear under a transition from a tree-level of the theory to the account of loop effects in nonperturbative quantum field theory of strings.
We use Dirac quantization of flux to study fractional charges and axion angles θin interacting topological insulators with gapless surface modes protected by time-reversal symmetry. In interacting topological insulators, there are two types of fractional axion angle due to conventional odd and nontrivial even flux quantization at the boundary. On even flux quantization in a gapped time reversal invariant system, we show that there is a halved quarter fractional quantum Hall effect on the surface with Hall conductance of p/4q e2/2h with p and q odd integers. The gapless surface modes can be cha…
We employ stochastic quantization for a self-interacting nonminimal massive scalar field in curved spacetime. The covariant background field method and local momentum space representation are used to obtain the Euclidean correlation function and evaluate multi-loop quantum corrections through simultaneous expansions in the curvature tensor and its covariant derivatives and in the noise fields. The stochastic correlation function reproduces the well-known result by Bunch and Parker and is used to construct the effective potential in curved spacetime in an arbitrary dimension $D$ up to the first…
The equivalence between a higher derivative extension of Maxwell-Chern-Simons Proca model and some gauge invariant theories from the point of view of the Hamiltonian path integral quantization in the framework of gauge-unfixing approach is investigated. The Hamiltonian path integrals of the first-class systems take manifestly Lorentz-covariant forms.
We study a quantization via fractional derivative of a nonminimal derivative coupling cosmological theory, namely, the Fab Four John theory. Its Hamiltonian version presents the issue of fractional powers in the momenta. That problem is solved here by the application of the so-called conformable fractional derivative. This leads to a Wheeler-DeWitt equation of second order, showing that a Bohm-de Broglie interpretation can be constructed. That combination of fractional quantization and Bohmian interpretation provides us a new quantization method, in which the quantum potential is the criterion…
We consider higher derivative CP(N) model in 2+1 dimensions with the Wess-Zumino-Witten term and the topological current density squared term. We quantize the theory by using the auxiliary gauge field formulation in the path integral method and prove that the extended model remains renormalizable in the large N limit. We find that the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory is dynamically induced in the large N effective action at a nontrivial UV fixed point. The quantization of the Chern-Simons term is also discussed.
We present the quantum field description of Galilean electrodynamics minimally coupled to massless Galilean fermion in (3 + 1) dimensions. At the classical level, the Lagrangian is obtained as a null reduction of a relativistic theory in one higher dimension. We use functional techniques to develop the quantum field description of the theory. Quantum corrections to the propagators and vertex are obtained upto first order and the theory is found to be renormalizable to this order. The beta function of the theory is found to grow linearly; the theory is not asymptotically free.
The stability of higher-order time derivative theories using the polymer extension of quantum mechanics is studied. First, we focus on the well-known Pais-Uhlenbeck model and by casting the theory into the sum of two decoupled The possibility that fundamental discreteness implicit in a quantum gravity theory may act as a natural regulator for ultraviolet singularities arising in quantum field theory has been intensively studied. Here, along the same expectations, we investigate whether a nonstandard representation, called polymer representation can smooth away the large amount of negative ener…
The non-local regularization is a powerfull method to regularize theories with an action that can be decomposed in a kinetic and an interacting part. Recently it was shown how to regularize the Batalin-Vilkovisky field-antifield formalism of quantization of gauge theories with the non-local regularization. We compute precisely the anomaly of the Chiral Schwinger model with this extended non-local regularization.
Four dimensional N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory action is written in terms of the spinor superfields in transverse gauge. This action is seemingly first order in space-time derivatives. Thus, it suggests that the generalized fields approach of obtaining Batalin-Vilkovisky quantization can be applicable. In fact, generalized fields which collect spinor superfields possessing different ghost numbers are introduced to obtain the minimal solution of its Batalin-Vilkovisky master equation in a compact form.
We present an implementation of Wilson's renormalization group and a continuum limit tailored for loop quantization. The dynamics of loop quantized theories is constructed as a continuum limit of dynamics of effective theories. After presenting the general formalism we show as first explicit example the 2d Ising field theory. It is an interacting relativistic quantum field theory with local degrees of freedom quantized by loop quantization techniques.
We study a novel class of higher derivative theories for interacting massless gravitons in Minkowski spacetime. These theories were first discussed by Wald decades ago, and are characterized by scattering amplitudes essentially different from general relativity and many of its modifications. We discuss various aspects of these higher derivative theories, including the Lagrangian construction, violation of asymptotic causality, scattering amplitudes, non-renormalization, and possible implications on emergent gravitons from condensed matter systems.
Effects due to vacuum fluctuations in a semi-classical model of a massless scalar field interacting with a rotating ring are investigated by introducing a collective coordinate for the motion of the background potential. The model is solved for a repulsive periodic $δ$-distribution background of arbitrary strength. The Casimir energy of this system is calculated in the co-rotating and, by Legendre transformation, in the stationary laboratory frame. The zero-point contribution to the angular momentum in this model is bounded below by $|\ell_{ZP}|\leq\hbar/24$ and the ground state of the entire …
We show how to properly gauge fix all the symmetries of the Ponzano-Regge model for 3D quantum gravity. This amounts to do explicit finite computations for transition amplitudes. We give the construction of the transition amplitudes in the presence of interacting quantum spinning particles. We introduce a notion of operators whose expectation value gives rise to either gauge fixing, introduction of time, or insertion of particles, according to the choice. We give the link between the spin foam quantization and the hamiltonian quantization. We finally show the link between Ponzano-Regge model a…
The canonical quantization of dynamical systems with curved phase space introduced by I.A. Batalin, E.S. Fradkin and T.E. Fradkina is applied to the four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell Dilaton-Axion theory. The spherically symmetric case with radial fields is considered. The Lagrangian density of the theory in the Einstein frame is written as an expression with first order in time derivatives of the fields. The phase space is curved due to the nontrivial interaction of the dilaton with the axion and the electromagnetic fields.
We consider the stochastic quantization method for scalar fields defined in a curved manifold and also in a flat space-time with event horizon. The two-point function associated to a massive self-interacting scalar field is evaluated, up to the first order level in the coupling constant, for the case of an Einstein and also a Rindler Euclidean metric, respectively. Its value for the asymptotic limit of the Markov parameter is exhibited. The divergences therein are taken care of by employing a covariant stochastic regularization.
We consider the Dirac equation and Maxwell's electrodynamics in $\mathbb{R} \times S^3$ spacetime, where a three-dimensional sphere is the Hopf bundle $S^3 \rightarrow S^2$. In both cases, discrete spectra of classical solutions are obtained. Based on the solutions obtained, the quantization of free, noninteracting Dirac and Maxwell fields is carried out. The method of nonperturbative quantization of interacting Dirac and Maxwell fields is suggested. The corresponding operator equations and the infinite set of the Schwinger-Dyson equations for Green's functions is written down. To illustrate t…
We consider the stochastic quantization method for scalar fields defined in a curved manifold. The two-point function associated to a massive self-interacting scalar field is evaluated, up to the first order level in the coupling constant $λ$, for the case of de Sitter Euclidean metric. Its value for the asymptotic limit of the Markov parameter $τ\to\infty$ is exhibited. We discuss in detail the covariant stochastic regularization to render the one-loop two-point function finite in the de Sitter Euclidean metric.
Most general third-order $3d$ linear gauge vector field theory is considered. The field equations involve, besides the mass, two dimensionless constant parameters. The theory admits two-parameter series of conserved tensors with the canonical energy-momentum being a particular representative of the series. For a certain range of the model parameters, the series of conserved tensors include bounded quantities. This makes the dynamics classically stable, though the canonical energy is unbounded in all the instances. The free third-order equations are shown to admit constrained multi-Hamiltonian …
Canonical quantization is reviewed here for the Abelian Lee-Wick model by using the Dirac constraints method, a Gupta-Bleuler-like prescription is implemented and the BRST charge operator for this model is built. New degrees of freedom associated to the (higher derivatives) Lee-Wick ghost are excluded from the (physical) space of observables by the imposition of a Piguet-Nielsen-type BRST-extended symmetry for the Lee-Wick mass term, removing the Lee-Wick mass parameter of the theory, which implies remove all the higher-derivative sector. In addition, another prescription based on a new subsid…
An ultralocal form of any classical field theory eliminates all spatial derivatives in its action functional, e.g., in its Hamiltonian functional density. It has been applied to covariant scalar field theories and even to Einstein's general relativity, by Pilati, as an initial term in a perturbation series that aimed to restore all omitted derivatives. Previously, the author has quantized ultralocal scalar fields by affine quantization to show that these non-renormalizanle theories can be correctly quantized by affine quantization; the story of such scalar models is discussed in this paper. Th…
We formulate a generic three-dimensional higher-derivative superfield theory for self-interacting scalar superfield action. We consider the cases of real and complex scalar superfields. For these theories, we explicitly calculate the one-loop effective potential.
To avoid the problems which are connected with the long distance behavior of perturbative gauge theories we present a local construction of the observables which does not involve the adiabatic limit. First we construct the interacting fields as formal power series by means of causal perturbation theory. The observables are defined by BRST invariance where the BRST-transformation $\tilde s$ acts as a graded derivation on the algebra of interacting fields. Positivity, i.e. the existence of Hilbert space representations of the local algebras of observables is shown with the help of a local Kugo-O…
We obtain a new symplectic Lagrangian density and deduce Faddeev-Jackiw (FJ) generalized brackets of the gauge invariant self-dual fields interacting with gauge fields. We further give FJ quantization of this system. Furthermore, the FJ method is compared with Dirac method, the results show the two methods are equivalent in the quantization of this system. And by the practical research in this letter, it can be found that the FJ method is really simpler than the Dirac method, namely, the FJ method obviates the need to distinguish primary and secondary constraints and first- and second-class co…
The main goal of this work is to perform a nonolonomic deformation (Fedosov type) quantization of fractional Lagrange geometries. The constructions are provided for a (fractional) almost Kahler model encoding equivalently all data for fractional Euler-Lagrange equations with Caputo fractional derivative. For homogeneous generating Finsler functions, the geometric models contain quantum versions of fractional Finsler spaces. The scheme can be generalized for fractional Hamilton systems and various models of fractional classical and quantum gravity. We conclude that the approach with Caputo frac…
A recent investigation of the SU(3) Yang-Mills field equations found several classical solutions which exhibited a type of confinement due to gauge fields which increased without bound as $r \to \infty$. This increase of the gauge fields gave these solutions an infinite field energy, raising questions about their physical significance. In this paper we apply some ideas of Heisenberg about the quantization of strongly interacting, non-linear fields to this classical solution and find that at large $r$ this quantization procedure softens the unphysical behaviour of the classical solution, while …
A method of constructing a canonical gauge invariant quantum formulation for a non-gauge classical theory depending on a set of parameters is advanced and then applied to the theory of closed bosonic string interacting with massive background fields. It is shown that within the proposed formulation the correct linear equations of motion for background fields arise.
We review the method of stochastic quantization for a scalar field theory. We first give a brief survey for the case of self-interacting scalar fields, implementing the stochastic perturbation theory up to the one-loop level. The divergences therein are taken care of by employing the usual prescription of the stochastic regularization, introducing a colored random noise in the Einstein relations. We then extend this formalism to the case where we assume a Langevin equation with a memory kernel. We have shown that, if we also maintain the Einstein's relations with a colored noise, there is conv…
We consider an original variational approach for building new models of quintessence interacting with dark or baryonic matter. The coupling is introduced at the Lagrangian level using a variational formulation for relativistic fluids, where the interacting term generally depends on both the dynamical degrees of freedom of the theory and their spacetime derivatives. After deriving the field equations from the action, we consider applications in the context of cosmology. Two simple models are studied using dynamical system techniques showing the interesting phenomenology arising in this framewor…
We study the quantization of the electromagnetic sector of the Myers-Pospelov model coupled to standard fermions. Our main objective, based upon experimental and observational evidence, is to construct an effective theory which is a genuine perturbation of QED, such that setting zero the Lorentz invariance violation parameters will reproduce it. To this end we provide a physically motivated prescription, based on the effective character of the model, regarding the way in which the model should be constructed and how the QED limit should be approached. This amounts to the introduction of an add…
A canonical quantization scheme applied to a classical supersymmetric system with quadratic in momentum supercharges gives rise to a quantum anomaly problem described by a specific term to be quadratic in Planck constant. We reveal a close relationship between the anomaly and the Schwarzian derivative, and specify a quantization prescription which generates the anomaly-free supersymmetric quantum system with second order supercharges. We also discuss the phenomenon of a coupling-constant metarmorphosis that associates quantum systems with first-order supersymmetry to the systems with the secon…
Starting with the first-order singular Lagrangian, the problem of the quantization of a dynamical system constrained to a submanifold embedded in the higher-dimensional Euclidean space is investigated within the framework of operatorial quantization formalism. Through the projection operator method (POM) with the constraint star-products, it is shown that both of the constraint quantum system with the usual constraint and that with the derivative-type constraint are naturally constructed from one Lagarangian. It is proved that the system with the usual constraint is the sub-system of that with…
Using a derivative decomposition of the Hochschild differential complex we define a generalized inverse of the Hochschild coboundary operator. It can be applied for systematic computations of star products on Poisson manifolds.
The BRST quantizations of worldsheet gravity corresponding to final more acceptable derivative gauge and the standard conformal gauge are studied. We establish a mapping between these two gauges utilizing FFBRST formulation in standard way. Therefore, we are able to declare that the problems associated with Virasoro constraints are the gauge artifact.
A parity-conserving and Lorentz-invariant effective field theory of self-interacting massive vector fields is considered. For the interaction terms with dimensionless coupling constants the canonical quantization is performed. It is shown that the self-consistency condition of this system with the second-class constraints in combination with the perturbative renormalizability leads to an SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with an additional mass term.
