无偏力作用下三维周期管中的电流
Current in a three-dimensional periodic tube with unbiased forces
摘要：
研究了在非对称无偏力作用下布朗粒子沿三维非对称周期管轴向运动的输运问题。坐标的降低不仅涉及熵垒的出现，而且涉及有效扩散系数。研究发现，在熵垒存在的情况下，管形的不对称性和无偏力的不对称性是产生净电流的两种方式。该电流是温度的峰值函数，这表明即使在熵垒存在的情况下，热噪声也可以促进输运。瓶颈处存在一个最佳半径，在该半径处电流达到最大值。两个相反驱动因素之间的竞争可能导致电流反转。
英文摘要：
Transport of a Brownian particle moving along the axis of a three-dimensional asymmetric periodic tube is investigated in the presence of asymmetric unbiased forces. The reduction of the coordinates may involve not only the appearance of entropic barrier but also the effective diffusion coefficient. It is found that in the presence of entropic barrier, the asymmetry of the tube shape and the asymmetry of the unbiased forces are the two ways of inducing a net current. The current is a peaked function of temperature which indicates that the thermal noise may facilitate the transport even in the presence of entropic barrier. There exists an optimized radius at the bottleneck at which the current takes its maximum value. Competition between the two opposite driving factors may induce current reversal.
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