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arXiv 0709.1886astro-ph
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质量损失和极低金属量恒星

Mass loss and very low-metallicity stars

Raphael Hirschi, Cristina Chiappini, Georges Meynet, Sylvia Ekstrom, Andre Maeder

摘要:

质量损失在太阳金属丰度下的大质量恒星演化中起着主导作用。在讨论了不同的质量损失机制和它们的金属丰度依赖性之后,我们提出了在很低的金属丰度下强烈质量损失的可能性。我们在Z= 1 e-8的模型显示,质量超过60个太阳质量的恒星在红超巨星阶段可能会失去其初始质量的很大一部分。这种质量损失是由于通过旋转和对流混合在CNO元素的表面富集。我们的85太阳质量模型结束了它的生命作为一个快速旋转WO型沃尔夫-拉叶星。因此,该模型预测的Ic型SNe和长,软伽玛暴在很低的金属丰度的存在。在红超巨星阶段或Omega-Gamma极限的这种强烈的质量损失可能会阻止最大质量的恒星以成对产生的超新星的形式结束。从核合成的观点来看,计算出的极低金属丰度模型也非常有趣。事实上,大质量恒星模型的恒星风可以重现迄今为止已知的最贫金属的富碳恒星HE 1327 -2326的CNO丰度。最后,利用化学演化模型,我们能够再现在正常的极端贫金属星中观察到的CNO元素的演化。

英文摘要:

Mass loss plays a dominant role in the evolution of massive stars at solar metallicity. After discussing different mass loss mechanisms and their metallicity dependence, we present the possibility of strong mass loss at very low metallicity. Our models at Z=1e-8 show that stars more massive than about 60 solar masses may lose a significant fraction of their initial mass in the red supergiant phase. This mass loss is due to the surface enrichment in CNO elements via rotational and convective mixing. Our 85 solar mass model ends its life as a fast rotating WO type Wolf-Rayet star. Therefore the models predict the existence of type Ic SNe and long and soft GRBs at very low metallicities. Such strong mass loss in the red supergiant phase or the Omega-Gamma limit could prevent the most massive stars from ending as pair-creation supernovae. The very low metallicity models calculated are also very interesting from the nucleosynthesis point of view. Indeed, the wind of the massive star models can reproduce the CNO abundances of the most metal-poor carbon-rich star known to date, HE1327-2326. Finally, using chemical evolution models, we are able to reproduce the evolution of CNO elements as observed in the normal extremely metal poor stars.

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