arXiv 0709.11952007-09-08q-bio.PEq-bio.CB

随机单倍体融合的有性生殖选择优势

Selective advantage for sexual reproduction with random haploid fusion

Emmanuel Tannenbaum

备注：: 11 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Physical Review E (additional 4 figures included in Phys. Rev. E submission)

摘要：

本文建立了一套简化的单细胞二倍体生物无性和有性复制模型。该模型假设生物体的基因组由两条染色体组成，其中每条染色体被假设为是功能性的，如果它等于一些主序列$ σ_0 $，和非功能性的，否则。一个生物体的一阶生长速率常数或适应性取决于它的基因组中是否有零个、一个或两个功能染色体。对于一个无性复制的种群，一个给定的细胞复制它的两条染色体，并将它的遗传物质均匀地分配给两个细胞。对于有性繁殖的种群，给定的细胞首先分裂成两个单倍体，它们进入单倍体池，融合成二倍体，然后通过正常的有丝分裂过程分裂。单倍体融合被建模为一个二阶速率过程。当成本为性是小的，作为衡量的特征单倍体融合时间的特征生长时间的比率，我们发现，随机单倍体融合的有性复制导致一个更大的平均适合的人口比纯粹的无性繁殖策略。然而，独立的性成本，我们发现，性复制与选择性交配策略导致更高的平均健身比随机交配策略。这一结果是基于这样的假设，即选择性交配策略与随机交配策略相比没有任何额外的时间或能量成本，这一假设在本文中进行了讨论。这篇论文的结果与以前的研究结果一致，表明在中等突变率，缓慢复制的生物体，在高人口密度的性别是有利的。

英文摘要：

This paper develops a simplified set of models describing asexual and sexual replication in unicel- lular diploid organisms. The models assume organisms whose genomes consist of two chromosomes, where each chromosome is assumed to be functional if it is equal to some master sequence $ σ_0 $, and non-functional otherwise. The first-order growth rate constant, or fitness, of an organism, is determined by whether it has zero, one, or two functional chromosomes in its genome. For a population replicating asexually, a given cell replicates both of its chromosomes, and splits its genetic material evenly between the two cells. For a population replicating sexually, a given cell first divides into two haploids, which enter a haploid pool, fuse into diploids, and then divide via the normal mitotic process. Haploid fusion is modeled as a second-order rate process. When the cost for sex is small, as measured by the ratio of the characteristic haploid fusion time to the characteristic growth time, we find that sexual replication with random haploid fusion leads to a greater mean fitness for the population than a purely asexual strategy. However, independently of the cost for sex, we find that sexual replication with a selective mating strategy leads to a higher mean fitness than the random mating strategy. This result is based on the assumption that a selective mating strategy does not have any additional time or energy costs over the random mating strategy, an assumption that is discussed in the paper. The results of this paper are consistent with previous studies suggesting that sex is favored at intermediate mutation rates, for slowly replicating organisms, and at high population densities.

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英文摘要：

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