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arXiv 0708.3033gr-qc
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史瓦西时空中的密切轨道及其在极端质量比螺旋中的应用

Osculating orbits in Schwarzschild spacetime, with an application to extreme mass-ratio inspirals

Adam Pound, Eric Poisson

摘要:

我们提出了一种方法来整合的运动方程,约束,加速史瓦西时空中的轨道。在每一个瞬间,真实的世界线被假设为与参考测地线相切,称为密切轨道,使得世界线从一个这样的测地线平滑地演变到下一个。因为测地线是由一组不变的轨道元素唯一标识的,密切轨道之间的过渡对应于元素的演化。在本文中,我们推导出一组方便的轨道根数的演化方程,假设力只作用在轨道平面内;这是我们对形式主义施加的唯一限制,我们不假设力一定很小。作为我们方法的一个应用,我们分析了两个大质量物体的相对运动,假设一个物体比另一个小得多。使用混合史瓦西/后牛顿运动方程制定的基德尔,威尔,和怀斯曼,我们把未扰动的运动作为测地线在史瓦西时空的质量参数等于系统的总质量。力由依赖于系统折合质量的项组成。我们强调了保守的条款,在这种力量,这会导致显着的长期变化的时间依赖性和相对轨道的相位的重要性。从我们的结果中,我们推断出辐射近似的引力自作用力,它只使用耗散项的一些一般性的限制。

英文摘要:

We present a method to integrate the equations of motion that govern bound, accelerated orbits in Schwarzschild spacetime. At each instant the true worldline is assumed to lie tangent to a reference geodesic, called an osculating orbit, such that the worldline evolves smoothly from one such geodesic to the next. Because a geodesic is uniquely identified by a set of constant orbital elements, the transition between osculating orbits corresponds to an evolution of the elements. In this paper we derive the evolution equations for a convenient set of orbital elements, assuming that the force acts only within the orbital plane; this is the only restriction that we impose on the formalism, and we do not assume that the force must be small. As an application of our method, we analyze the relative motion of two massive bodies, assuming that one body is much smaller than the other. Using the hybrid Schwarzschild/post-Newtonian equations of motion formulated by Kidder, Will, and Wiseman, we treat the unperturbed motion as geodesic in a Schwarzschild spacetime whose mass parameter is equal to the system's total mass. The force then consists of terms that depend on the system's reduced mass. We highlight the importance of conservative terms in this force, which cause significant long-term changes in the time-dependence and phase of the relative orbit. From our results we infer some general limitations of the radiative approximation to the gravitational self-force, which uses only the dissipative terms in the force.

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