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arXiv 0708.2884astro-ph
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大质量演化恒星周围尘埃的中红外干涉测量

Mid-Infrared interferometry of dust around massive evolved stars

Jayadev Rajagopal, Jean-Luc Menut, D. Wallace, W. C. Danchi, O. Chesneau, B. Lopez, J. D. Monnier, M. Ireland, P. G. Tuthill

摘要:

我们报告的长基线干涉测量的拱星尘埃周围的大规模演化的恒星与甚大望远镜干涉仪上的VIVO仪器,并提供光谱分散的VIVO在8-13微米波长波段。我们还提出了衍射极限观测在10.7微米的凯克望远镜与基线高达8.7米,探索更大规模的结构。我们已经解决了晚型WC星WR 106和WR 95周围的尘埃壳,以及神秘的NaSt 1(以前的WR 122),怀疑最近从发光蓝变星(LBV)阶段演变而来。对于AG Car,我们样本中的原型LBV,我们略微解析了靠近恒星的结构,与研究充分的分离星云不同。这两颗WC星周围的尘埃壳在8-13微米的高斯带中显示出相当恒定的尺寸,高斯半宽约为25到40质量。我们在NaSt 1和AG Car周围检测到的致密尘埃有利于最近或正在形成的尘埃。使用测得的vibrium,我们建立球对称的辐射转移模型的WC灰尘壳,使详细的比较与现有的基于SED的模型。我们的研究结果表明,壳层的内半径是在几十个天文单位的恒星。此外,我们的模型有利于大(~ 1微米)尘埃颗粒的粒度分布。这种内部尘埃与炽热的中心恒星的接近强调了当前理论在WR恒星周围的恶劣环境中形成尘埃所面临的困难。虽然我们没有检测到这些对象的二元性的直接证据,尘埃生产在碰撞风界面的二元系统是一个可行的机制在WR系统在这些条件下。

英文摘要:

We report long-baseline interferometric measurements of circumstellar dust around massive evolved stars with the MIDI instrument on the Very Large Telescope Interferometer and provide spectrally dispersed visibilities in the 8-13 micron wavelength band. We also present diffraction-limited observations at 10.7 micron on the Keck Telescope with baselines up to 8.7 m which explore larger scale structure. We have resolved the dust shells around the late type WC stars WR 106 and WR 95, and the enigmatic NaSt1 (formerly WR 122), suspected to have recently evolved from a Luminous Blue Variable (LBV) stage. For AG Car, the protoypical LBV in our sample, we marginally resolve structure close to the star, distinct from the well-studied detached nebula. The dust shells around the two WC stars show fairly constant size in the 8-13 micron MIDI band, with gaussian half-widths of ~ 25 to 40 mas. The compact dust we detect around NaSt1 and AG Car favors recent or ongoing dust formation. Using the measured visibilities, we build spherically symmetric radiative transfer models of the WC dust shells which enable detailed comparison with existing SED-based models. Our results indicate that the inner radii of the shells are within a few tens of AU from the stars. In addition, our models favor grain size distributions with large (~ 1 micron) dust grains. This proximity of the inner dust to the hot central star emphasizes the difficulty faced by current theories in forming dust in the hostile environment around WR stars. Although we detect no direct evidence for binarity for these objects, dust production in a colliding-wind interface in a binary system is a feasible mechanism in WR systems under these conditions.

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