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arXiv 0708.2399astro-ph
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CygnusOB2中年轻恒星的X射线耀斑

X-ray flaring from the young stars in CygnusOB2

J. F. Albacete Colombo, M. Caramazza, E. Flaccomio, G. Micela, S. Sciortino

摘要:

目的:研究CygOB 2和ONC恒星形成区恒星X射线耀斑的个体和系综性质。方法:我们分析了1003个CygOB 2源的X射线光变曲线,这些源是钱德拉在100千秒内观测到的,而在“钱德拉猎户座超深项目”的850千秒观测中探测到的1616个ONC源。我们采用了一种无分箱的极大似然方法将光变曲线分割成常数信号区间,并根据光源亮度的振幅和时间导数来识别耀斑。然后,我们推导并比较了CygOB 2和ONC源的耀斑频率和能量分布。通过对从ONC数据中提取的5个100 ksec长的片段重复进行统计分析,研究了观测长度对这些结果的影响。结果:我们分别从CygOB 2和ONC源中检测到147和954个耀斑。CygOB 2的耀斑的衰变时间从0.5小时到10小时不等。在高能量下,耀斑能量分布符合指数α =-(2.1+-0.1)的幂律。在低能量下,分布变平,可能是因为检测不完整。我们推导出平均耀斑频率作为耀斑能量的函数。耀斑频率被认为取决于源的固有X射线光度,但它的确定是由观察的长度的影响。然而,能量分布的高能量尾部的斜率几乎不受影响。考虑到观测偏差,对CygOB 2和ONC源的比较表明,已知具有相似X射线发射水平的两个种群具有非常相似的耀斑活动。

英文摘要:

Aims: We characterize individual and ensemble properties of X-ray flares from stars in the CygOB2 and ONC star-forming regions. Method: We analyzed X-ray lightcurves of 1003 CygOB2 sources observed with Chandra for 100 ksec and of 1616 ONC sources detected in the ``Chandra Orion Ultra-deep Project'' 850 ksec observation. We employed a binning-free maximum likelihood method to segment the light-curves into intervals of constants signal and identified flares on the basis of both the amplitude and the time-derivative of the source luminosity. We then derived and compared the flare frequency and energy distribution of CygOB2 and ONC sources. The effect of the length of the observation on these results was investigated by repeating the statistical analysis on five 100 ksec-long segments extracted from the ONC data. Results: We detected 147 and 954 flares from the CygOB2 and ONC sources, respectively. The flares in CygOB2 have decay times ranging from ~0.5 to about 10 hours. The flare energy distributions of all considered flare samples are described at high energies well by a power law with index alpha=-(2.1+-0.1). At low energies, the distributions flatten, probably because of detection incompleteness. We derived average flare frequencies as a function of flare energy. The flare frequency is seen to depend on the source's intrinsic X-ray luminosity, but its determination is affected by the length of the observation. The slope of the high-energy tail of the energy distribution is, however, affected little. A comparison of CygOB2 and ONC sources, accounting for observational biases, shows that the two populations, known to have similar X-ray emission levels, have very similar flare activity.

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