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M100中高度变红、快速膨胀的Ia型超新星2006 X的光学和近红外观测

Optical and Near-Infrared Observations of the Highly Reddened, Rapidly Expanding Type Ia Supernova 2006X in M100

Xiaofeng Wang, Weidong Li, Alexei V. Filippenko, Kevin Krisciunas, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, Junzheng Li, Tianmeng Zhang, Jingsong Deng, Ryan J. Foley, Mohan Ganesh… 展开作者

Xiaofeng Wang, Weidong Li, Alexei V. Filippenko, Kevin Krisciunas, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, Junzheng Li, Tianmeng Zhang, Jingsong Deng, Ryan J. Foley, Mohan Ganeshalingam, Tipei Li, YuQing Lou, Yulei Qiu, Rencheng Shang, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Shuangnan Zhang, Youhong Zhang

摘要:

我们提出了广泛的光学(UBVRI),近红外(JK)光变曲线和光谱的Ia型超新星(SN)2006 X在附近的星系NGC 4321(M100)。我们的观测结果表明,SN 2006 X要么具有一种内在的特殊颜色演化,要么是高度红化的[E(B-V)_{host} = 1.42+/-0.04 mag],R_V = 1.48+/-0.06,远低于银河系尘埃的平均标准值3.1。SN 2006 X也是有史以来公布的SN Ia最高的膨胀速度之一。与我们分析的其他SNe Ia相比,SN 2006 X在U波段具有更宽的光变曲线,在V和R波段具有更突出的隆起/肩部特征,在I和近红外波段具有更明显的次极大值,在B波段具有明显较小的后期下降率。亮度极大后1 ~ 3个月的B-V色演化明显偏离Lira-Phillips关系。在早期,SN 2006 X的光谱显示出中等质量元素(Si,Ca和S)和铁峰元素的强烈,高速特征,而在晚期,它们显示出相对蓝色的连续光谱,与类似时期的蓝色U-B和B-V颜色一致。光回波和/或SN喷出物和其拱星物质的相互作用可能为其后期的光度和光谱行为提供一个合理的解释。利用M100的造父变星距离,我们从SN 2006 X的标准化去红光度中推导出哈勃常数为72.7+/-8.2 km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}(统计)。我们简要地讨论是否异常尘埃是一个普遍的签名,所有超新星Ia,以及是否最迅速扩大的对象形成一个子类具有独特的光度和光谱特性。

英文摘要:

We present extensive optical (UBVRI), near-infrared (JK) light curves and optical spectroscopy of the Type Ia supernova (SN) 2006X in the nearby galaxy NGC 4321 (M100). Our observations suggest that either SN 2006X has an intrinsically peculiar color evolution, or it is highly reddened [E(B - V)_{host} = 1.42+/-0.04 mag] with R_V = 1.48+/-0.06, much lower than the canonical value of 3.1 for the average Galactic dust. SN 2006X also has one of the highest expansion velocities ever published for a SN Ia. Compared with the other SNe Ia we analyzed, SN 2006X has a broader light curve in the U band, a more prominent bump/shoulder feature in the V and R bands, a more pronounced secondary maximum in the I and near-infrared bands, and a remarkably smaller late-time decline rate in the B band. The B - V color evolution shows an obvious deviation from the Lira-Phillips relation at 1 to 3 months after maximum brightness. At early times, optical spectra of SN 2006X displayed strong, high-velocity features of both intermediate-mass elements (Si, Ca, and S) and iron-peak elements, while at late times they showed a relatively blue continuum, consistent with the blue U-B and B-V colors at similar epochs. A light echo and/or the interaction of the SN ejecta and its circumstellar material may provide a plausible explanation for its late-time photometric and spectroscopic behavior. Using the Cepheid distance of M100, we derive a Hubble constant of 72.7+/-8.2 km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}(statistical) from the normalized dereddened luminosity of SN 2006X. We briefly discuss whether abnormal dust is a universal signature for all SNe Ia, and whether the most rapidly expanding objects form a subclass with distinct photometric and spectroscopic properties.

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