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arXiv 0707.2087physics.flu-dyn
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环形粘性薄膜自由表面扰动的动力学

Dynamics of Free Surface Perturbations Along an Annular Viscous Film

Linda B. Smolka, Justin North, Bree K. Guerra

摘要:

众所周知,轴对称的粘性薄膜沿薄的垂直纤维的外侧向下流动,对于界面扰动变得不稳定。我们提出了一个实验研究,使用不同的密度,表面张力和粘度的流体,调查这些界面扰动的增长和动力学,并测试由以前的作者所作的假设。我们发现初始扰动增长是指数增长,随后是一个较慢的阶段,振幅和波长的大小饱和。在低和中等雷诺数进行的实验的扰动增长的测量进行比较,从线性稳定性理论的理论预测。在来自长波斯托克斯流模型(Craster & Matar,J.Fluid Mech.553,85(2006))的预测与数据之间发现了极好的一致性,而在来自中等雷诺数模型(Sisoev等人,化学工程科学61,7279(2006))和数据。此外,我们发现,一个已知的过渡在较长时间的扰动动力学从不稳定到稳定的行为在一个临界流速,Qc,是相关的过渡的速率,在该速率下自然形成沿纤维的扰动。对于Q < Qc(稳态情况),扰动形成率是常数。结果,沿着光纤形成扰动的位置几乎是固定的,并且当它们沿着光纤向下行进2 m时,连续扰动之间的间距保持恒定。对于Q > Qc(非定常情况),扰动形成的速率被调制.结果,沿着光纤的扰动形成的位置不规则地振荡,并且扰动之间的初始速度和间距变化,导致相邻扰动进一步沿着光纤合并。

英文摘要:

It is known that an axisymmetric viscous film flowing down the outside of a thin vertical fiber becomes unstable to interfacial perturbations. We present an experimental study using fluids with different densities, surface tensions and viscosities to investigate the growth and dynamics of these interfacial perturbations and to test the assumptions made by previous authors. We find the initial perturbation growth is exponential followed by a slower phase as the amplitude and wavelength saturate in size. Measurements of the perturbation growth for experiments conducted at low and moderate Reynolds numbers are compared to theoretical predictions developed from linear stability theory. Excellent agreement is found between predictions from a long-wave Stokes flow model (Craster & Matar, J. Fluid Mech. 553, 85 (2006)) and data, while fair agreement is found between predictions from a moderate Reynolds number model (Sisoev et al., Chem. Eng. Sci. 61, 7279 (2006)) and data. Furthermore, we find that a known transition in the longer-time perturbation dynamics from unsteady to steady behavior at a critical flow rate, Qc, is correlated to a transition in the rate at which perturbations naturally form along the fiber. For Q < Qc (steady case), the rate of perturbation formation is constant. As a result the position along the fiber where perturbations form is nearly fixed, and the spacing between consecutive perturbations remains constant as they travel 2 m down the fiber. For Q > Qc (unsteady case), the rate of perturbation formation is modulated. As a result the position along the fiber where perturbations form oscillates irregularly, and the initial speed and spacing between perturbations varies resulting in the coalescence of neighboring perturbations further down the fiber.

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