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arXiv 0707.0944astro-ph
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AGB星周包层中SiS的丰度

The abundance of SiS in circumstellar envelopes around AGB stars

F. L. Schoeier, J. Bast, H. Olofsson, M. Lindqvist

摘要:

新的硅多过渡(亚)毫米线观测的AGB星的样本具有不同的光球C/O比和质量损失率。低能量线和高能量线的组合在约束SiS分子的星周分布方面是重要的。一个详细的辐射转移模拟所观察到的硅线发射,包括热尘埃颗粒的影响,在激发分析。我们发现,在这些环境中的恒星周围的分数丰度的硅有很强的依赖于光球的C/O比从化学模型的预期。碳星(C/O>1)的平均丰度分数为3.1E-6,比M型AGB星(C/O<1)的平均丰度分数2.7E-7高出一个数量级。这些数字是在合理的协议与光球LTE化学模型。硅似乎表现出类似的SiO在拱星包层的外部的光解。与以前的结果相比,相关的分子SiO,有没有很强的相关性的分数丰度与密度的CSE,如果冻结到尘埃颗粒是重要的情况下。然而,可能的时间变化的线发射在较低的J过渡和灵敏度的线发射丰度梯度的内部部分的CSE可能掩盖与风的密度的相关性。有迹象表明,SiS的丰度分数可能会显着更高的接近恒星,至少在M型AGB星的情况下,将需要非平衡化学过程。

英文摘要:

New SiS multi-transition (sub-)millimetre line observations of a sample of AGB stars with varying photospheric C/O-ratios and mass-loss rates are presented. A combination of low- and high-energy lines are important in constraining the circumstellar distribution of SiS molecules. A detailed radiative transfer modelling of the observed SiS line emission is performed, including the effect of thermal dust grains in the excitation analysis. We find that the circumstellar fractional abundance of SiS in these environments has a strong dependence on the photospheric C/O-ratio as expected from chemical models. The carbon stars (C/O>1) have a mean fractional abundance of 3.1E-6, about an order of magnitude higher than found for the M-type AGB stars (C/O<1) where the mean value is 2.7E-7. These numbers are in reasonable agreement with photospheric LTE chemical models. SiS appears to behave similar to SiO in terms of photodissociation in the outer part of the circumstellar envelope. In contrast to previous results for the related molecule SiO, there is no strong correlation of the fractional abundance with density in the CSE, as would be the case if freeze-out onto dust grains were important. However, possible time-variability of the line emission in the lower J transitions and the sensitivity of the line emission to abundance gradients in the inner part of the CSE may mask a correlation with the density of the wind. There are indications that the SiS fractional abundance could be significantly higher closer to the star which, at least in the case of M-type AGB stars, would require non-equilibrium chemical processes.

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