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arXiv 0706.4013astro-ph
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半人马座A射电内叶周围叶/ISM相互作用的Chandra研究:对温度结构和输运过程的约束

A Chandra Study of the Lobe/ISM Interactions Around the Inner Radio Lobes of Centaurus A: Constraints on the Temperature Structure and Transport Processes

R. P. Kraft, P. E. J. Nulsen, M. Birkinshaw, D. M. Worrall, R. F. Penna, W. R. Forman, M. J. Hardcastle, C. Jones, S. S. Murray

摘要:

我们介绍了Kraft等人(2003)首次描述的半人马座A西南射电瓣的更深的{ \em Chandra}观测结果。我们发现,尖锐的X射线表面亮度不连续性延伸周围$\sim$ 75%的周边的射电瓣,并检测到显着的温度跳跃在最明亮的区域,这个不连续性最接近的核心。这表明,这个不连续性确实是一个强烈的冲击,这是一个超压的结果,随着时间的推移,在整个叶。此外,我们证明,如果离子的平均自由程转移能量和动量的电子后面的冲击是大的斯皮策值,电子和质子的温度不会有平衡沿SW边界的射电瓣的冲击是最强的。因此,受冲击气体的质子温度可能比观测到的电子温度大得多,爆发的总能量也相应地更大。我们调查这一点,使用一个简单的一维冲击模型的两种流体(质子/电子)等离子体。我们发现,对于Cen A冲击的热力学参数,电子温度从$\sim$ 0.29千电子伏(周围ISM的温度)迅速上升到$\sim$ 3.5千电子伏,在这一点上,从质子的加热被平衡的绝热损失。质子和电子的温度不会在小于波瓣年龄的时间尺度内达到平衡。我们注意到,在其他附近的强大的射电星系在恶劣的环境中类似功能的测量电子温度可能会大大低估了冲击的强度和速度。

英文摘要:

We present results from deeper {\em Chandra} observations of the southwest radio lobe of Centaurus A, first described by Kraft et al. (2003). We find that the sharp X-ray surface brightness discontinuity extends around $\sim$75% of the periphery of the radio lobe, and detect significant temperature jumps in the brightest regions of this discontinuity nearest to the nucleus. This demonstrates that this discontinuity is indeed a strong shock which is the result of an overpressure which has built up in the entire lobe over time. Additionally, we demonstrate that if the mean free path for ions to transfer energy and momentum to the electrons behind the shock is as large as the Spitzer value, the electron and proton temperatures will not have equilibrated along the SW boundary of the radio lobe where the shock is strongest. Thus the proton temperature of the shocked gas could be considerably larger than the observed electron temperature, and the total energy of the outburst correspondingly larger as well. We investigate this using a simple one-dimensional shock model for a two-fluid (proton/electron) plasma. We find that for the thermodynamic parameters of the Cen A shock the electron temperature rises rapidly from $\sim$0.29 keV (the temperature of the ambient ISM) to $\sim$3.5 keV at which point heating from the protons is balanced by adiabatic losses. The proton and electron temperatures do not equilibrate in a timescale less than the age of the lobe. We note that the measured electron temperature of similar features in other nearby powerful radio galaxies in poor environments may considerably underestimate the strength and velocity of the shock.

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