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arXiv 0705.4349astro-ph
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星系形成中的Lyman α辐射源

Lyman Alpha Emitters in the Hierarchically Clustering Galaxy Formation

Masakazu A. R. Kobayashi, Tomonori Totani, Masahiro Nagashima

摘要:

在等级星系形成的框架下,提出了一个新的Lyman α(Lya)发射星系光度函数的理论模型。我们扩展了一个半解析模型的星系形成,再现了一些本地和高Z星系的观测,而不改变原来的模型参数,但引入了物理动机的建模来描述逃逸分数Lya光子从宿主星系(f_esc)。虽然以前的研究使用层次聚类模型简单地假设了一个常数和普遍的值f_esc,我们纳入了两个新的影响f_esc:灭绝星际尘埃和银河系规模的外流作为恒星形成的反馈。结果表明,新模型很好地再现了在z ~ 3-6范围内不同红移下观测到的所有Lya发射体的Lya低频谱。特别是,而令人惊讶的小演变观察到的LAE Lya LF相比,暗晕质量函数是自然再现。我们的模型预测,具有强外流和fesc ~ 1的星系在观测到的LF中占主导地位。这也与现有的观测结果一致,而简单的通用f_esc模型要求f_esc << 1不会过度产生最亮的LAE。另一方面,我们发现,我们的模型显着高估LAEs在z > 6,和Lya光子的星系际介质(IGM)中的中性氢的吸收是一个合理的解释的差异。这表明IGM中性分数xHI从z < 6时的xHI << 1迅速演化到z ~ 6-7时的一个单位阶数,这与其它观测对再电离历史的约束基本一致。

英文摘要:

We present a new theoretical model for the luminosity functions (LFs) of Lyman alpha (Lya) emitting galaxies in the framework of hierarchical galaxy formation. We extend a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation that reproduces a number of observations for local and high-z galaxies, without changing the original model parameters but introducing a physically-motivated modelling to describe the escape fraction of Lya photons from host galaxies (f_esc). Though a previous study using a hierarchical clustering model simply assumed a constant and universal value of f_esc, we incorporate two new effects on f_esc: extinction by interstellar dust and galaxy-scale outflow induced as a star formation feedback. It is found that the new model nicely reproduces all the observed Lya LFs of the Lya emitters (LAEs) at different redshifts in z ~ 3-6. Especially, the rather surprisingly small evolution of the observed LAE Lya LFs compared with the dark halo mass function is naturally reproduced. Our model predicts that galaxies with strong outflows and f_esc ~ 1 are dominant in the observed LFs. This is also consistent with available observations, while the simple universal f_esc model requires f_esc << 1 not to overproduce the brightest LAEs. On the other hand, we found that our model significantly overpredicts LAEs at z > 6, and absorption of Lya photons by neutral hydrogen in intergalactic medium (IGM) is a reasonable interpretation for the discrepancy. This indicates that the IGM neutral fraction x_HI rapidly evolves from x_HI << 1 at z < 6 to a value of order unity at z ~ 6-7, which is broadly consistent with other observational constraints on the reionization history.

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