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arXiv 0705.3557cond-mat.mes-hallquant-ph
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量子点自旋动力学的光学研究

Optical investigations of quantum-dot spin dynamics

Jan Dreiser, Mete Atature, Christophe Galland, Tina Muller, Antonio Badolato, Atac Imamoglu

摘要:

利用全光学方法研究了单量子点自组装InAs/GaAs中自旋弛豫随静电场和磁场的变化。为了研究量子点的自旋动力学,我们测量的共振吸收的程度,这是由于由共振激光场引起的光自旋泵浦和由水库引起的自旋弛豫之间的竞争。决定量子点自旋动力学的基本相互作用是量子点核自旋系综的超精细耦合、自旋-声子耦合和与附近费米电子海的交换型相互作用。我们表明,由三个基本相互作用产生的自旋弛豫强度可以改变高达五个数量级时,改变所施加的电场和磁场。我们发现,我们用来研究自旋弛豫的光自旋泵的强度主要取决于超精细诱导的单电子自旋态混合在低磁场和重轻空穴混合在高磁场。我们的测量使我们能够确定超精细(Overhauser)场的均方根值为~15 mTesla,电子g因子g_e=0.6,空穴混合强度为|epsilon| ^2 = 0.0005。

英文摘要:

We have performed all-optical measurements of spin relaxation in single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QD) as a function of static external electric and magnetic fields. To study QD spin dynamics we measure the degree of resonant absorption which results from a competition between optical spin pumping induced by the resonant laser field and spin relaxation induced by reservoirs. Fundamental interactions that determine spin dynamics in QDs are hyperfine coupling to QD nuclear spin ensembles, spin-phonon coupling and exchange-type interactions with a nearby Fermi sea of electrons. We show that the strength of spin relaxation generated by the three fundamental interactions can be changed by up to five orders of magnitude upon varying the applied electric and magnetic fields. We find that the strength of optical spin pumping that we use to study the spin relaxation is determined predominantly by hyperfine-induced mixing of single-electron spin states at low magnetic fields and heavy-light hole mixing at high magnetic fields. Our measurements allow us to determine the rms value of the hyperfine (Overhauser) field to be ~15 mTesla with an electron g-factor of g_e=0.6 and a hole mixing strength of |epsilon|^2 = 0.0005.

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