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arXiv 0705.0780astro-ph
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大质量恒星与球状星团的形成

Massive stars and globular cluster formation

Kenji Bekki, Masashi Chiba

摘要:

首先,我们提出了化学动力学模拟研究如何恒星风的大质量恒星的影响形成球状星团(GC)的早期动力学和化学演化。在我们的数值模型中,GC形成于湍流的高密度巨分子云(GMC)中,这些云嵌入在高红移的大质量暗物质晕中。我们展示了如何形成高密度,紧凑的恒星系统GMC的物理过程与恒星形成和潮汐场的主机晕的影响。我们还表明,来自大质量恒星的恒星风对GC形成GMC的化学污染可能导致轻元素之间的恒星丰度不均匀性(例如,C、N和O)。本模型与正则初始质量函数(IMF)也显示了一个C-N的关系,在GC中具有较小的[C/Fe]的恒星具有较大的[N/Fe]。虽然这些结果意味着来自大质量恒星的恒星风对形成GC的GMC的“自污染”会导致GC的丰度不均匀性,但目前具有不同参数和正则IMF的模型不能显示在某些GC中观察到的[N/Fe] ~ 0.8的富N星(例如,NGC 6752)。我们讨论了这种明显的失败的背景下,大质量的恒星形成之前的低质量的GC形成GMC(“双峰恒星形成GMC”)。我们还表明,虽然几乎所有的恒星(~97%)显示正常的He丰度(Y)~0.24,一些恒星后来形成的GMC可以有Y高达~0.3在某些模型。然而,在大多数模型中,Y >0.26的富氦恒星的数量比例很小(~10^-3)。

英文摘要:

We first present chemodynamical simulations to investigate how stellar winds of massive stars influence early dynamical and chemical evolution of forming globular clusters (GCs). In our numerical models, GCs form in turbulent,high-density giant molecular clouds (GMCs), which are embedded in a massive dark matter halo at high redshifts. We show how high-density, compact stellar systems are formed from GMCs influenced both by physical processes associated with star formation and by tidal fields of their host halos. We also show that chemical pollution of GC-forming GMCs by stellar winds from massive stars can result in star-to-star abundance inhomogeneities among light elements (e.g., C, N, and O) of stars in GCs. The present model with a canonical initial mass function (IMF) also shows a C-N anticorrelation that stars with smaller [C/Fe] have larger [N/Fe] in a GC. Although these results imply that ``self-pollution'' of GC-forming GMCs by stellar winds from massive stars can cause abundance inhomogeneities of GCs, the present models with different parameters and canonical IMFs can not show N-rich stars with [N/Fe] ~ 0.8 observed in some GCs (e.g., NGC 6752). We discuss this apparent failure in the context of massive star formation preceding low-mass one within GC-forming GMCs (``bimodal star formation scenario''). We also show that although almost all stars (~97%) show normal He abundances (Y) of ~0.24 some stars later formed in GMCs can have Y as high as ~0.3 in some models. The number fraction of He-rich stars with Y >0.26 is however found to be small (~10^-3) for most models.

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