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arXiv 0704.0535astro-ph
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大质量椭圆星系中球状星团系统的形成:来自恒星星族径向变化的球状星团多模性

The Formation of Globular Cluster Systems in Massive Elliptical Galaxies: Globular Cluster Multimodality from Radial Variation of Stellar Populations

Antonio Pipino, Thomas H. Puzia, Francesca Matteucci

摘要:

质量最大的椭圆星系在它们的球状星团系统颜色分布中表现出突出的多模态。了解导致多个球状星团子群的机制对于完整地了解大质量星系形成是至关重要的。通过假设球状星团的形成与恒星的形成相一致,并考虑到Pipino & Matteucci(2004)多带光化学演化程序预测的复合恒星星族的径向变化,我们计算了球状星团性质随银河系中心半径的分布。我们将我们的结果与Puzia等人(2006)对附近早型星系中球状星团的光谱测量结果进行了比较,并表明在大质量椭圆星系的球状星团系统中观察到的多模态可以至少部分地归因于恒星星族混合的径向变化。我们的模型预测了在大多数质量椭圆星系中存在超富金属的球状星团,这与光谱观测非常一致。此外,我们还研究了其他非线性机制对球状星团系统金属丰度分布的影响,特别是合并诱导的球状星团形成和非线性颜色-金属丰度转换的作用,并讨论了它们在我们的模型中的影响。

英文摘要:

The most massive elliptical galaxies show a prominent multi-modality in their globular cluster system color distributions. Understanding the mechanisms which lead to multiple globular cluster sub-populations is essential for a complete picture of massive galaxy formation. By assuming that globular cluster formation traces the total star formation and taking into account the radial variations in the composite stellar populations predicted by the Pipino & Matteucci (2004) multi-zone photo-chemical evolution code, we compute the distribution of globular cluster properties as a function of galactocentric radius. We compare our results to the spectroscopic measurements of globular clusters in nearby early-type galaxies by Puzia et al. (2006) and show that the observed multi-modality in globular cluster systems of massive ellipticals can be, at least partly, ascribed to the radial variation in the mix of stellar populations. Our model predicts the presence of a super-metal-rich population of globular clusters in the most massive elliptical galaxies, which is in very good agreement with the spectroscopic observations. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of other non-linear mechanisms that shape the metallicity distribution of globular cluster systems, in particular the role of merger-induced globular cluster formation and a non-linear color-metallicity transformation, and discuss their influence in the context of our model (abridged)

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