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arXiv 0704.0316astro-ph
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千年星系目录:早型和晚型星系中的局部超大质量黑洞质量函数

The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: The local supermassive black hole mass function in early- and late-type galaxies

Alister W. Graham, Simon P. Driver, Paul D. Allen, Jochen Liske

摘要:

我们提供了一个新的估计本地超大质量黑洞质量函数使用(i)之间的经验关系超大质量黑洞质量和Sersic指数的主机球状恒星系统和(ii)测量(球状体)Sersic指数从千年星系表中的10 k星系。我们的方法的观测简单性,和直接测量的黑洞预测量,即Sersic指数,为椭圆星系和盘星系的凸起,使它直接估计准确的黑洞质量在早期和晚期类型的星系一样。我们用Schechter函数对超大质量黑洞的质量函数进行了参数化,发现在低质量端,完整星系样本的对数斜率(1+ α)约为0.7,早期星系样本的对数斜率约为1.0。考虑亮度大于-18等的球状恒星系统,并将黑洞质量积分到10^6太阳质量,我们发现早型星系中超大质量黑洞的局部质量密度rho_{bh, early-type} =(3.5+/-1.2)x 10^5 h^3_{70} M_sun Mpc^{-3},晚型星系rho_{bh, late-type} =(1.0+/-0.5)x 10^5 h^3_{70} M_sun Mpc^{-3}。这些不确定性是由蒙特卡罗模拟得出的,包括M_bh-n关系、Sersic指数目录、星系重量和Malmquist偏差的不确定性。因此,宇宙学上的合并后的超大质量黑洞的质量密度为Omega_{bh, total} =(3.2+/-1.2)x 10^{-6} h_70。也就是说,使用一种新的独立方法,我们得出结论,宇宙中百分之(0.007+/-0.003)h^3_{70}的重子目前被锁定在星系中心的超大质量黑洞中。

英文摘要:

We provide a new estimate of the local supermassive black hole mass function using (i) the empirical relation between supermassive black hole mass and the Sersic index of the host spheroidal stellar system and (ii) the measured (spheroid) Sersic indices drawn from 10k galaxies in the Millennium Galaxy Catalogue. The observational simplicity of our approach, and the direct measurements of the black hole predictor quantity, i.e. the Sersic index, for both elliptical galaxies and the bulges of disc galaxies makes it straightforward to estimate accurate black hole masses in early- and late-type galaxies alike. We have parameterised the supermassive black hole mass function with a Schechter function and find, at the low-mass end, a logarithmic slope (1+alpha) of ~0.7 for the full galaxy sample and ~1.0 for the early-type galaxy sample. Considering spheroidal stellar systems brighter than M_B = -18 mag, and integrating down to black hole masses of 10^6 M_sun, we find that the local mass density of supermassive black holes in early-type galaxies rho_{bh, early-type} = (3.5+/-1.2) x 10^5 h^3_{70} M_sun Mpc^{-3}, and in late-type galaxies rho_{bh, late-type} = (1.0+/-0.5) x 10^5 h^3_{70} M_sun Mpc^{-3}. The uncertainties are derived from Monte Carlo simulations which include uncertainties in the M_bh-n relation, the catalogue of Sersic indices, the galaxy weights and Malmquist bias. The combined, cosmological, supermassive black hole mass density is thus Omega_{bh, total} = (3.2+/-1.2) x 10^{-6} h_70. That is, using a new and independent method, we conclude that (0.007+/-0.003) h^3_{70} per cent of the universe's baryons are presently locked up in supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies.

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