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arXiv 0812.0003astro-ph
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模拟超大质量黑洞和星系的宇宙学共同演化:II。类星体的成团与暗环境

Modeling the cosmological co-evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies: II. The clustering of quasars and their dark environment

Silvia Bonoli, Federico Marulli, Volker Springel, Simon D. M. White, Enzo Branchini, Lauro Moscardini

摘要:

我们在千禧年模拟的基础上使用半解析模型来研究星系及其嵌入的超大质量黑洞的联合形成。我们的目标是测试的情况下,黑洞吸积和类星体活动所引发的星系合并,并限制不同的模型与个别类星体事件的光变曲线。在目前的工作中,我们专注于研究模拟类星体的空间分布。在所有的光度下,我们发现模拟的类星体两点关联函数在0.5 < r < 20 h^{-1} Mpc范围内符合单一的幂律,但它的归一化是红移的强函数。当我们只选择光度在现今类星体巡天通常可达范围内的类星体时,它们的聚集强度仅微弱地依赖于光度,与观测结果一致。这与假设的光变曲线模型无关,因为明亮的类星体是在爱丁顿极限附近吸积的黑洞,并且由质量范围只有几个10 ^12 h^{-1} M_sun的暗物质晕所承载。因此,明亮类星体的聚集不能用来解开光变曲线模型,但如果观测样本可以被推到显着更暗的极限,这样的区分将成为可能。总体而言,我们的模拟类星体人口的聚类结果与观测结果相当吻合,支持星系合并可能是触发黑洞吸积和类星体活动的主要物理过程的猜想。

英文摘要:

We use semi-analytic modeling on top of the Millennium simulation to study the joint formation of galaxies and their embedded supermassive black holes. Our goal is to test scenarios in which black hole accretion and quasar activity are triggered by galaxy mergers, and to constrain different models for the lightcurves associated with individual quasar events. In the present work we focus on studying the spatial distribution of simulated quasars. At all luminosities, we find that the simulated quasar two-point correlation function is fit well by a single power-law in the range 0.5 < r < 20 h^{-1} Mpc, but its normalization is a strong function of redshift. When we select only quasars with luminosities within the range typically accessible by today's quasar surveys, their clustering strength depends only weakly on luminosity, in agreement with observations. This holds independently of the assumed lightcurve model, since bright quasars are black holes accreting close to the Eddington limit, and are hosted by dark matter haloes with a narrow mass range of a few 10^12 h^{-1} M_sun. Therefore the clustering of bright quasars cannot be used to disentangle lightcurve models, but such a discrimination would become possible if the observational samples can be pushed to significantly fainter limits. Overall, our clustering results for the simulated quasar population agree rather well with observations, lending support to the conjecture that galaxy mergers could be the main physical process responsible for triggering black hole accretion and quasar activity.

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