arXiv quant-ph/99110901999-11quant-ph

删除未知量子态的不可能性

Impossibility of deleting an unknown quantum state

Arun Kumar Pati, Samuel L. Braunstein

备注：: 4 Pages, (Published version Nature, 404 (2000) 164)
发表信息：: Nature, 404: 164 (2000)
DOI：: 10.1038/35004532

摘要：

处于任意偏振态的光子不能被完美地克隆。但是假设我们有一个未知光子的几个副本。是否有可能通过物理过程删除一个或多个光子的信息内容？具体地说，如果两个光子处于相同的初始偏振态，是否存在一种机制，使一个光子处于相同的初始态，另一个处于某种标准偏振态。如果可以做到这一点，那么人们将创建一个标准的空白状态，可以通过确定性克隆或精确地通过概率克隆将未知状态复制到该空白状态上。这在量子计算中可能很有用，在量子计算中，人们可以通过删除旧信息来在已经计算过的状态中存储一些新信息。在这里，我们表明量子理论的线性不允许我们完美地删除任意量子态的副本。虽然在经典计算机中，信息可以从副本中删除，但量子信息却无法完成同样的任务。

英文摘要：

A photon in an arbitrary polarization state cannot be cloned perfectly. But suppose that at our disposal we have several copies of an unknown photon. Is it possible to delete the information content of one or more of these photons by a physical process? Specifically, if two photons are in the same initial polarization state is there a mechanism that produces one photon in the same initial state and the other in some standard polarization state. If this can be done, then one would create a standard blank state onto which one could copy an unknown state approximately, by deterministic cloning or exactly, by probabilistic cloning. This might be useful in quantum computation, where one could store some new information in an already computed state by deleting the old information. Here we show that the linearity of quantum theory does not allow us to delete a copy of an arbitrary quantum state perfectly. Though in a classical computer information can be deleted against a copy, the same task cannot be accomplished with quantum information.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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