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arXiv quant-ph/9910087quant-phcs.CR
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经典位的无条件安全承诺是不可能的

Unconditionally Secure Commitment of a Certified Classical Bit is Impossible

Adrian Kent

备注：
5 pages, RevTeX. Minor clarification made distinguishing proper and improper mixed state commitments
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. A 61, 042301 (2000)
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摘要：

在只涉及经典物理的安全位提交协议中，A向B提交0或1。如果在协议中使用量子信息，则A可能能够提交$α\ket{0} + β\ket{1}$形式的状态。如果是这样，她也可以提交混合态，其中提交的比特与她控制下的其他量子态纠缠。我们在这里介绍一个量子密码原语，{ \it bit commitment with a certificate of classicality}（BCCC），它不同于标准的bit commitment，因为它保证提交的状态具有固定的经典值。我们证明了基于狭义相对论和量子理论的BCCC协议是不存在的。我们还提出了完整的量子和相对论比特承诺的安全性定义。

英文摘要：

In a secure bit commitment protocol involving only classical physics, A commits either a 0 or a 1 to B. If quantum information is used in the protocol, A may be able to commit a state of the form $α\ket{0} + β\ket{1}$. If so, she can also commit mixed states in which the committed bit is entangled with other quantum states under her control. We introduce here a quantum cryptographic primitive, {\it bit commitment with a certificate of classicality} (BCCC), which differs from standard bit commitment in that it guarantees that the committed state has a fixed classical value. We show that no unconditionally secure BCCC protocol based on special relativity and quantum theory exists. We also propose complete definitions of security for quantum and relativistic bit commitment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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