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arXiv quant-ph/0207089quant-ph
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量子比特承诺和无条件安全

Quantum bit commitment and unconditional security

Horace P. Yuen

摘要:

一般认为,无条件安全的量子比特承诺是不可能的,这是由于利用量子纠缠欺骗的不可能性证明被广泛接受。在本文中,我们描述了如何不可能证明公式错过了各种类型的量子比特承诺协议的基础上双向量子通信。指出了不可能性证明推理中存在的一些缺陷,并给出了相应的反例。利用几种新的协议技术构造了四种不同类型的比特承诺协议。描述了一个具体的Type 4协议,并证明了该协议是无条件安全的.对一个类型1协议和一个类型2协议的安全性进行了分析。Type 3协议的安全性尚未公开。量子统计决策理论和量子博弈的发展需要对许多这样的协议提供完整的安全性分析。

英文摘要:

It is generally believed that unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment is impossible, due to widespread acceptance of an impossibility proof that utilizes quantum entaglement cheating. In this paper, we delineate how the impossibiliy proof formulation misses various types of quantum bit commitment protocols based on two-way quantum communications. We point out some of the gaps in the impossibility proof reasoning, and present corresponding counterexamples. Four different types of bit commitment protocols are constructed with several new protocol techniques. A specific Type 4 protocol is described and proved unconditionally secure. Security analysis of a Type 1 protocol and a Type 2 protocol are also sketched. The security of Type 3 protocols is as yet open. A development of quantum statistical decision theory and quantum games is needed to provie a complete security analysis of many such protocols.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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