关于量子假设检验中的最优测量
About optimal measurements in quantum hypothesizes testing
摘要：
考虑了一个可以处于两个非正交混合态之一的二能级量子系统的定态问题。证明了对于两个独立的相同系统，最优组合测量（将这两个系统视为一个系统）的最优性不会低于相应的序列测量（局部测量，伴随着经典信息的传递）。只有当混合态具有相同的本征值或相同的本征向量时，才能达到相等的情况。此外，我们考虑了两个系统纠缠的情况：一个系统的测量引起另一个系统的状态的减少。再次得出了组合测量的最优性质的结论，并导出了上述方法一致的条件。
英文摘要：
We consider the problem of a state determination for a two-level quantum system which can be in one of two nonorthogonal mixed states. It is proved that for the two independent identical systems the optimal combined measurement (which considers the pair as one system) cannot be less optimal than the corresponding sequential one (local measurements, accompanying by transfer of classical information). The case of equality is achieved only when the mixed states have the same eigenvalues or the same eigenvectors. Further, we consider a case then the two systems are entangled: measurement of one system induces a reduction of the another one's state. The conclusion about optimal character of combined measurement takes place again, and conditions where the above-mentioned methods coincide are derived.
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