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arXiv quant-ph/9804019quant-ph
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宏观量子态相对相位的可观测性

Observability of relative phases of macroscopic quantum states

Arun Kumar Pati

摘要:

在一次测量之后,为了观察宏观上可区分的状态的相对相位,我们必须“撤消”一次量子测量。我们将Peres早期的模型从两态量子系统推广到N态量子系统,讨论了观测不同分支的相对相位的问题。我们导出了一个不等式,它满足的宏观可区分状态的相对相位,因此任何所需的相对相位不能观察到的干涉设置。宏观互补性原则被援引,这可能与宏观世界相适应。我们阐述了Stern-Gerlach测量中相位可观测性极限的概念,并讨论了其意义。

英文摘要:

After a measurement, to observe the relative phases of macroscopically distinguishable states we have to ``undo'' a quantum measurement. We generalise an earlier model of Peres from two state to N-state quantum system undergoing measurement process and discuss the issue of observing relative phases of different branches. We derive an inequality which is satisfied by the relative phases of macroscopically distinguishable states and consequently any desired relative phases can not be observed in interference setups. The principle of macroscopic complementarity is invoked that might be at ease with the macroscopic world. We illustrate the idea of limit on phase observability in Stern-Gerlach measurements and the implications are discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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