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arXiv quant-ph/0607220quant-ph
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线性SU纠缠(2)量子涡旋态的产生和演化

Entanglement by linear SU(2) transformations: generation and evolution of quantum vortex states

G. S. Agarwal, J. Banerji

摘要:

我们考虑双模玻色子系统在产生线性SU(2)变换的哈密顿量作用下的演化。哈密顿量是通用的,因为它代表了一系列纠缠机制,因此可以以统一的方式处理。首先,我们解析地求解系统初始处于Fock态时的量子动力学。我们展示了这两种模式如何通过演化纠缠产生一个相干叠加的涡旋态,并在一定条件下产生一个单一的涡旋态。模式之间的纠缠度的测量通过找到明确的解析依赖的冯诺伊曼熵的系统参数。利用各模式的关联函数和空间相干函数分析了各模式的约化态。值得注意的是,我们的分析被证明是同样有效的各种初始状态,可以准备从一个双模福克态通过幺正变换,其结果可以通过简单的检查初始福克态的相应结果。作为一个例子,我们考虑量子涡旋作为初始状态,也找到了它的复苏和电荷共轭的条件。在研究初涡态演化时,我们遇到并解释了一个有趣的情况,即系统的熵不演化,而它的波函数演化。虽然模态的概念已被用于整个文件,重要的是要注意,该理论是同样适用于一个两粒子系统,其中每个粒子是由其玻色子创建和湮灭运营商表示。

英文摘要:

We consider the evolution of a two-mode system of bosons under the action of a Hamiltonian that generates linear SU(2) transformations. The Hamiltonian is generic in that it represents a host of entanglement mechanisms, which can thus be treated in a unified way. We start by solving the quantum dynamics analytically when the system is initially in a Fock state. We show how the two modes get entangled by evolution to produce a coherent superposition of vortex states in general, and a single vortex state under certain conditions. The degree of entanglement between the modes is measured by finding the explicit analytical dependence of the Von Neumann entropy on the system parameters. The reduced state of each mode is analyzed by means of its correlation function and spatial coherence function. Remarkably, our analysis is shown to be equally as valid for a variety of initial states that can be prepared from a two-mode Fock state via a unitary transformation and for which the results can be obtained by mere inspection of the corresponding results for an initial Fock state. As an example, we consider a quantum vortex as the initial state and also find conditions for its revival and charge conjugation. While studying the evolution of the initial vortex state, we have encountered and explained an interesting situation in which the entropy of the system does not evolve whereas its wave function does. Although the modal concept has been used throughout the paper, it is important to note that the theory is equally applicable for a two-particle system in which each particle is represented by its bosonic creation and annihilation operators.

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