Dagomir Kaszlikowski, Andreas Keil, Marcin Wiesniak, Frederic H. Willenboordse
We investigate spatial entanglement in a system of spinless non-interacting bosons in a one dimensional harmonic trap described by the grand canonical ensemble. We find the lower bound for the amount of spatial entanglement contained in the average state of two bosons in the trap and show that it exists for arbitrary high temperatures.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
继续探索
We study the change of entanglement under general linear transformation of modes in a bosonic system and determine the conditions under which entanglement can be generated under such transformation. As an example we consider the thermal entanglement between the vibrational modes of two coupled oscillators and determine the temperature above which quantum correlations are destroyed by thermal fluctuations.
While single boson entanglement is known to be equivalent to standard non-identical particle entanglement, the use of fermionic entanglement is constrained by a parity superselection rule. Nevertheless we show that within the framework of second quantization, where local modes play the role of qubits, the analogy with ordinary entanglement holds: two entangled spinless fermion modes can be used to teleport a single local fermion mode and to perform standard dense coding. Entanglement concentration and dilution are possible for fermions. We clarify the meaning of our results by discussing the c…
The entanglement in a Hubbard chain of hardcore bosons is investigated. The analytic expression of the global entanglement in ground state is derived. The divergence of the derivative of the global entanglement shows the quantum criticality of the ground state. For the thermal equilibrium state, the bipartite and the multipartite entanglement are evaluated. The entanglement decreases to zero at a certain temperature. The thermal entanglement is rapidly decreasing with the increase of the number of sites in the lattice. The bipartite thermal entanglement approaches a constant value at a certain…
We build upon work by C. K. Law [Phys. Rev. A 71, 034306 (2005)] to show in general that the entanglement between two fermions largely determines the extent to which the pair behaves like an elementary boson. Specifically, we derive upper and lower bounds on a quantity that governs the bosonic character of a pair of fermions when N such pairs approximately share the same wavefunction. Our bounds depend on the purity of the single-particle density matrix, an indicator of entanglement, and demonstrate that if the entanglement is sufficiently strong, the quantity in question approaches its ideal …
We consider a composite particle formed by two fermions or two bosons. We discover that composite behavior is deeply related to the quantum entanglement between the constituent particles. By analyzing the properties of creation and annihilation operators, we show that bosonic character emerges if the constituent particles become strongly entangled. Such a connection is demonstrated explicitly in a class of two-particle wave functions.
A class of squeezed boson and fermion states is studied with particular emphasis on the nature of entanglement. We first investigate the case of bosons, considering two-mode squeezed states. Then we construct the fermion version to show that such states are maximum entangled, for both bosons and fermions. To achieve these results, we demonstrate some relations involving squeezed boson states. The generalization to the case of fermions is made by using Grassmann variables.
We revisist the issue of entanglement of thermal equilibrium states in composite quantum systems. The possible scenarios are exemplified in bipartite qubit/qubit and qubit/qutrit systems.
We describe an efficient theoretical criterion suitable for the evaluation of the tripartite entanglement of any mixed three-boson or -fermion state, based on the notion of the entanglement of particles for bipartite systems of identical particles. Our approach allows one to quantify the accessible amount of quantum correlations in the systems without any violation of the local particle number superselection rule. A generalization of the tripartite negativity is here applied to some correlated systems including the continuous-time quantum walks of identical particles (both for bosons and fermi…
We propose a simple quantum network to detect multipartite entangled states of bosons, and show how to implement this network for neutral atoms stored in an optical lattice. We investigate the special properties of cluster states, multipartite entangled states and superpositions of distinct macroscopic quantum states that can be identified by the network.
In our two preceding papers we studied bipartite composite boson (or quasiboson) systems through their realization in terms of deformed oscillators. Therein, the entanglement characteristics such as the entanglement entropy and purity were found and expressed, for both one-quasiboson and more complex states, through the parameter of deformation. In this work we initiate an analogous study of composite fermions for two major cases: (i) "boson + fermion" composites; (ii) "deformed-boson + fermion" composites. Both the entanglement entropy and purity of composite fermions are dealt with, their de…
We investigate the separability of arbitrary $n$-dimensional multipartite identical bosonic systems. An explicit relation between the dimension and the separability is presented. In particular, for $n=3$, it is shown that the property of PPT (positive partial transpose) and the separability are equivalent for tripartite systems.
We investigate the dynamics of an initially disentangled Gaussian state on a general finite symmetric graph. As concrete examples we obtain properties of this dynamics on mean field graphs of arbitrary sizes. In the same way that chains can be used for transmitting entanglement by their natural dynamics, these graphs can be used to store entanglement. We also consider two kinds of regular polyhedron which show interesting features of entanglement sharing.
The thermal entanglement of two spin-1 atoms with nonlinear couplings in optical lattices is investigated in this paper. It is found that the nonlinear couplings favor the thermal entanglement creating. The dependence of the thermal entanglement in this system on the linear coupling, the nonlinear coupling, the magnetic field and temperature is also presented. The results show that the nonlinear couplings really change the feature of the thermal entanglement in the system, increasing the nonlinear coupling constant increases the critical magnetic field and the threshold temperature.
We discuss the canonical form for a pure state of three identical bosons in two modes, and classify its entanglement correlation into two types, the analogous GHZ and the W types as well known in a system of three distinguishable qubits. We have performed a detailed study of two important entanglement measures for such a system, the concurrence $\mathcal{C}$ and the triple entanglement measure $τ$. We have also calculated explicitly the spin squeezing parameter $ξ$ and the result shows that the W state is the most ``anti-squeezing'' state, for which the spin squeezing parameter cannot be regar…
We investigate the entanglement properties of an ensemble of atoms interacting with a single bosonic field mode via the Dicke (superradiance) Hamiltonian. The model exhibits a quantum phase transition and a well-understood thermodynamic limit, allowing the identification of both quantum and semi-classical many-body features in the behaviour of the entanglement. We consider the entanglement between the atoms and the field, an investigation initiated in [N. Lambert, C. Emary and T. Brandes, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 92}, %073602 (2004)]. In the thermodynamic limit, we give exact results for all enta…
These two accompanying papers treat two mode entanglement for systems of identical massive bosons and the relationship to spin squeezing and other quantum correlation effects. Entanglement is a key quantum feature of composite systems where the probabilities for joint measurements on the composite sub-systems are no longer determined from measurement probabilities on the separate sub-systems. We focus on the meaning of entanglement, the quantum paradoxes associated with entangled states, and important tests that allow an experimentalist to determine whether a quantum state - in particular, one…
We study a set of $L$ spatial bosonic modes localized on a graph $Γ.$ The particles are allowed to tunnel from vertex to vertex by hopping along the edges of $Γ.$ We analyze how, in the exact many-body eigenstates of the system i.e., Bose-Einstein condensates over single-particle eigenfunctions, the bi-partite quantum entanglement of a lattice vertex with respect to the rest of the graph depends on the topology of $Γ.$
It is well known that magnons, elementary excitations in a magnetic material, behave as bosons when their density is low. We study how the bosonic character of magnons is governed by the amount of a multipartite entanglement in the vacuum state on which magnons are excited. We show that if the multipartite entanglement is strong, magnons cease to be bosons. We also consider some examples, such as ground states of the Heisenberg ferromagnet and the transverse Ising model, the condensation of magnons, the one-way quantum computer, and Kitaev's toric code. Our result provides insights into the qu…
Entanglement of bosonic systems under monitored evolution
研究重复投影测量下非相互作用玻色子的受监测演化，揭示首次探测概率与二分系统纠缠熵及纠缠谱的直接联系，并发现在特殊时间步长附近纠缠熵呈平稳或多稳态切换。
It was recently shown that entanglement in quantum systems being in a non-equilibrium state can appear at much higher temperatures than in an equilibrium state. However, any system is subject to the natural relaxation process establishing equilibrium. The work deals with the numerical study of entanglement dynamics in a dipolar coupled spin-1/2 system under the transition from a non-equilibrium state to an equilibrium state. The spin system is characterized by a two-temperature density matrix, and the process of the establishment of equilibrium is in the equalization of these temperatures. The…
The remote control of coherence is a crucial step for its application in quantum computation. We investigate the maximal steered coherence (MSC) and its conversion to entanglement in multiple bosonic reservoirs. It is shown that the MSC decays with time in the Markovian regime and behaves as damped oscillations in the non-Markovian regime. The MSC can also be connected directly to the strength of non-Markovianity, through which we show that it can be noticeably enhanced by taking full advantage of the non-Markovian effects. Besides, the MSC can be converted completely to entanglement via optim…
In this paper we discuss the entanglement properties of a thermal non-relativistic free bosonic field. We demonstrate how to formally construct spatial modes in order to use a continuous variable separability criterion and show that the construction of the modes plays a significant role in the way the entanglement manifests itself. For instance the presence of entanglement depends on the shape of the modes and their separation. The temperature of the gas is another crucial factor and for one choice of modes we show that entanglement can be found at arbitrarily high temperatures as long as we c…
The ground and thermal states of a quadratic hamiltonian representing the interaction of bosonic modes or particles are always Gaussian states. We investigate the entanglement properties of these states for the case where the interactions are represented by harmonic forces acting along the edges of symmetric graphs, i.e. 1, 2, and 3 dimensional rectangular lattices, mean field clusters and platonic solids. We determine the Entanglement of Formation (EoF) as a function of the interaction strength, calculate the maximum EoF in each case and compare these values with the bounds found in \cite{wol…
We summarize our recent results for the induced exchange interaction due to thermal bosonic environment (bath) which also generates quantum noise. Our focus here is on the onset of the interaction. We demonstrate that the induced interaction can be used to manipulate and create entanglement over time scales sufficiently large for controlling the two-qubit system for quantum computing applications, though ultimately the noise effects will dominate.
We study the necessary conditions for bosons composed of two distinguishable fermions to exhibit bosonic-like behaviour. We base our analysis on tools of quantum information theory such as entanglement and the majorization criterion for probability distributions. In particular we scrutinize a recent interesting hypothesis by C. K. Law in the Ref. Phys. Rev. A 71, 034306 (2005) that suggests that the amount of entanglement between the constituent fermions is related to the bosonic properties of the composite boson. We show that a large amount of entanglement does not necessarily imply a good bo…
We investigate the decoherence dynamics of continuous variable entanglement as the system-environment coupling strength varies from the weak-coupling to the strong-coupling regimes. Due to the existence of localized modes in the strong-coupling regime, the system cannot approach equilibrium with its environment, which induces a nonequilibrium quantum phase transition. We analytically solve the entanglement decoherence dynamics for an arbitrary spectral density. The nonequilibrium quantum phase transition is demonstrated as the system-environment coupling strength varies for all the Ohmic-type …
We study two two-level atomic quantum systems (qubits) placed close to a body held at a temperature different from that of the surrounding walls. While at thermal equilibrium the two-qubit dynamics is characterized by not entangled steady thermal states, we show that absence of thermal equilibrium may bring to the generation of entangled steady states. Remarkably, this entanglement emerges from the two-qubit dissipative dynamic itself, without any further external action on the two qubits, suggesting a new protocol to produce and protect entanglement which is intrinsically robust to environmen…
Particle identity and entanglement are two fundamental quantum properties that work as major resources for various quantum information tasks. However, it is still a challenging problem to understand the correlation of the two properties in the same system. While recent theoretical studies have shown that the spatial overlap between identical particles is necessary for nontrivial entanglement, the exact role of particle indistinguishability in the entanglement of identical particles has never been analyzed quantitatively before. Here, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the behavior…
We consider a collection of bosonic modes corresponding to the vertices of a graph $Γ.$ Quantum tunneling can occur only along the edges of $Γ$ and a local self-interaction term is present. Quantum entanglement of one vertex with respect the rest of the graph is analyzed in the ground-state of the system as a function of the tunneling amplitude $τ.$ The topology of $Γ$ plays a major role in determining the tunneling amplitude $τ^*$ which leads to the maximum ground-state entanglement. Whereas in most of the cases one finds the intuitively expected result $τ^*=\infty$ we show that it there exis…
We investigate the creation of entanglement between two quantum emitters interacting with a realistic common stationary electromagnetic field out of thermal equilibrium. In the case of two qubits we show that the absence of equilibrium allows the generation of steady entangled states, which is inaccessible at thermal equilibrium and is realized without any further external action on the two qubits. We first give a simple physical interpretation of the phenomenon in a specific case and then we report a detailed investigation on the dependence of the entanglement dynamics on the various physical…
The effects of initial conditions and system parameters on entanglement dynamics and asymptotic entanglement for a two-qubit anisotropic XY Heisenberg system in the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field and spin-orbit interaction are investigated. We suppose that each qubit interacts with a separate thermal reservoir which is held in its own temperature. The effects of the parameters of the system and environment like spin-orbit interaction and temperature difference of reservoirs are also discussed.
Impossibility of bosonic autonomous entanglement engines in the weak-coupling limit
针对弱耦合到不同温度热库、经历任意强度激发数守恒相互作用的多方无限维玻色模式，本文证明其唯一稳态始终可分，从而排除了弱耦合极限下自主纠缠引擎的可能。
In a recent paper [M. Huber {\it et al}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 104}, 210501 (2010)] new criteria to find out the presence of multipartite entanglement have been given. We exploit these tools in order to study thermal entanglement in a spin-star network made of three peripheral spins interacting with a central one. Genuine tripartite entanglement is found in a wide range of the relevant parameters. A comparison between predictions based on the new criteria and on the tripartite negativity is also given.
Entanglement generation and dynamical equilibrium within de Broglie Bohm theory
本研究基于改进的局域可存在量理论，通过引入子系统间引力势反馈项，验证了混合半经典引力模型在弱纠缠极限下的纠缠诱导能力，提出新型通信方案与动力学平衡概念，为德布罗意-玻姆理论相关研究提供新框架。
It was suggested that two entangled fermions can behave like a single boson and that the bosonic quality is proportional to the degree of entanglement between the two particles. The relation between bosonic quality and entanglement is quite natural if one takes into account the fact that entanglement appears in bound states of interacting systems. However, entanglement can still be present in spatially separated subsystems that do not interact anymore. These systems are often a subject of studies on quantum nonlocality and foundations of quantum physics. Here, we ask whether an entangled spati…
Entanglement of a spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg diamond spin cluster in the thermal bosonic bath
本文研究热玻色子浴环境下具有伊辛-海森堡相互作用的菱形自旋团簇的时间演化，利用负性度量分析中心自旋间的纠缠行为，揭示了环境参数对纠缠增强的影响及纠缠达到最大值的条件。
Entanglement in the full state vector of boson sampling
本文利用广义相干态精确演化玻色采样全态矢量，在中等光子数和大模式数下研究Renyi纠缠熵，发现对称Page曲线、熵随光子数线性增长及最大纠缠提前出现等规律。
These two accompanying papers treat two mode entanglement for systems of identical massive bosons and the relationship to spin squeezing and other quantum correlation effects. Entanglement is a key quantum feature of composite systems where the probabilities for joint measurements on the composite sub-systems are no longer determined from measurement probabilities on the separate sub-systems. We focus on the meaning of entanglement, the quantum paradoxes associated with entangled states, and important tests that allow an experimentalist to determine whether a quantum state - in particular, one…
The robustness properties of bipartite entanglement in systems of N bosons distributed in M different modes are analyzed using a definition of separability based on commuting algebras of observables, a natural choice when dealing with identical particles. Within this framework, expressions for the robustness and generalized robustness of entanglement can be explicitly given for large classes of boson states: their entanglement content results in general much more stable than that of distinguishable particles states. Using these results, the geometrical structure of the space of N boson states …
Risk-Dominant Equilibrium in Quantum Prisoner's Dilemma
针对中等纠缠度下量子囚徒困境存在多个纳什均衡的问题，采用风险占优准则选择唯一均衡，发现纠缠度完全控制风险占优均衡并能促进量子合作、改善博弈结果。
We study multipartite entanglement in non-equilibrium quantum phase transition (NEQPT) attainable in a coherently driven atomic ensemble undergoing collective decay. The NEQPT arises in the steady state of the system as the drive field strength is varied in comparison with the decay parameter. A close connection is observed between the critical behavior and the multi-partite entanglement in the system determined via the von Neumann entropy. The derivative of the von Neumann entropy shows Lambda-type behavior typical of the second order phase transitions. We further show that the calculated bi-…
We define and analyse the concept of entanglement production during the evolution of a general quantum mechanical dissipative system. While it is important to minimise entropy production in order to achieve thermodynamical efficiency, maximising the rate of change of entanglement is important in quantum information processing. Quantitative relations are obtained between entropy and entanglement productions, under specific assumptions detailed in the text. We apply these to the processes of dephasing and decay of correlations between two initially entangled qubits. Both the Master equation trea…
A two-mode boson model, widely used for the physics of fast rotating nuclei and Bose-Einstein condensates, is studied in the context of entanglement control. We derive an analytical expression for the entanglement between the fields in this model as a function of time. We found that depending on the interaction strengths between boson modes and the nature of the initial boson states the dynamical evolution of the entanglement and the squeezing can occur independently.
Degrees of Entanglement in Systems of Three Indistinguishable Bosons: Revisiting the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinge State
本文研究三个不可区分玻色子系统中真正三方纠缠的检测问题，提出一种搜索单粒子性质的算法来对态的可分离程度进行排序，并构造出性质类似于标准GHZ态的不可区分玻色子态。
Progress in the reliable preparation, coherent propagation and efficient detection of many-body states has recently brought collective quantum phenomena of many identical particles into the spotlight. This tutorial introduces the physics of many-boson and many-fermion interference required for the description of current experiments and for the understanding of novel approaches to quantum computing. The field is motivated via the two-particle case, for which the uncorrelated, classical dynamics of distinguishable particles is compared to the quantum behaviour of identical bosons and fermions. B…
The stationary multipartite entanglement between three interacting harmonic oscillators subjected to decoherence is analyzed in the largely unexplored non-equilibrium strong dissipation regime. We compute the exact asymptotic Gaussian state of the system and elucidate its separability properties, qualitatively assessing the regions of the space of parameters in which fully inseparable states are generated. Interestingly, the sharing structure of bipartite entanglement is seen to degrade as dissipation increases even for very low temperatures, at which the system approaches its ground state. We…
Open dynamics of entanglement in mesoscopic bosonic systems
本文提出基于玻色子数关联的介观描述，推广场约化态形式，用于追踪开放演化中的纠缠，并证明纠缠鲁棒性及与亚泊松统计的关联。
We study an ensemble of two-level quantum systems (qubits) interacting with a common electromagnetic field in proximity of a dielectric slab whose temperature is held different from that of some far surrounding walls. We show that the dissipative dynamics of the qubits driven by this stationary and out of thermal equilibrium (OTE) field, allows the production of steady many-body entangled states, differently from the case at thermal equilibrium where steady states are always non-entangled. By studying up to ten qubits, we point out the role of symmetry in the entanglement production, which is …
We analyse the entanglement tradeoff between particle and anti-particle modes of a charged bosonic field between inertial and uniformly accelerated observers. In contrast with previous results for fermionic fields, we find that the entanglement redistribution between particle and antiparticle modes does not prevent the entanglement from vanishing in the infinite acceleration limit.
System-bath entanglement of noninteracting fermionic impurities: Equilibrium, transient, and steady-state regimes
该研究探究单个费米子能级与费米浴的纠缠在平衡、弛豫、电压驱动稳态三种热力学机制下的行为，揭示了统计系综、耦合强度、浴带宽、阈值电压及不对称性对纠缠的影响规律。
We discuss entanglement generation in a closed system of one or two atomic quantum dots (qubits) coupled via Raman transitions to a pool of cold interacting bosons. The system exhibits rich entanglement dynamics, which we analyze in detail in an exact quantum mechanical treatment of the problem. The bipartite setup of only one atomic quantum dot coupled to a pool of bosons turns out to be equivalent to two qubits which easily get entangled being initially in a product state. We show that both the number of bosons in the pool and the boson-boson interaction crucially affect the entanglement cha…
We compute the pair entanglement between two interacting bosons in a two dimensional (2D)isotropic harmonic trap. The interaction potential is modeled by a 2D regularized pseudo-potential. By analytically decomposing the wave function into the single particle basis, we show the dependency of the pair entanglement on the scattering length. Our results turn out to be in good agreements with earlier results using a quasi-2D geometry.
The correct form of the Schmidt decomposition of the stationary wave functions for a system of two interacting particles trapped in a two-dimensional harmonic potential is given
We outline an interferometric scheme for the detection of bi-mode and multi-mode spatial entanglement of finite-temperature,interacting Bose gases of fixed particle number. Whether entanglement is present in the gas depends on the existence of the single-particle reduced density matrix between different regions of space. We apply the scheme to the problem of a harmonically trapped boson pair and show that while entanglement is rapidly decreasing with temperature, a significant amount remains for all interaction strengths at zero temperature.Thus, by tuning the interaction parameter, the distri…
We study charge entanglement in two Coulomb-coupled double quantum dots in thermal equilibrium and under stationary non-equilibrium transport conditions. In the transport regime, the entanglement exhibits a clear switching threshold and various limits due to suppression of tunneling by Quantum Zeno localisation or by an interaction induced energy gap. We also calculate quantum noise spectra and discuss the inter-dot current correlation as an indicator of the entanglement in transport experiments.
Basing on the analogy between the coherent states of light and separable states of $N$ bosons, we demonstrate that the violation Cauchy-Schwarz inequality for any-order correlation function signals the entanglement among the constituent particles. Rather than restricting to the correlations between the positions of particles, we consider the broadest set of measurements allowed by quantum mechanics. Our result is general -- it applies to any quantum system of bosons, even when the number of particles is not fixed, provided that there is no coherence between different number states. We also dem…
The quantitative description of the quantum entanglement between a qubit and its environment is considered. Specifically, for the ground state of the spin-boson model, the entropy of entanglement of the spin is calculated as a function of $α$, the strength of the ohmic coupling to the environment, and $ε$, the level asymmetry. This is done by a numerical renormalization group treatment of the related anisotropic Kondo model. For $ε=0$, the entanglement increases monotonically with $α$, until it becomes maximal for $α\lim 1^-$. For fixed $ε>0$, the entanglement is a maximum as a function of $α$…
We examine particle entanglement, characterized by pseudo-spin squeezing, of spin-1 bosonic atoms with coupled ground states in a one-dimensional optical lattice. Both the superfluid and Mott-insulator phases are investigated separately for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. Mode entanglement is also discussed in the Mott insulating phase. The role of a small but nonzero angle between the polarization vectors of counter-propagating lasers forming the optical lattice on quantum correlations is investigated as well.
For the purpose of clarifying a new approach to understanding quantum entanglement using thermofield dynamics (TFD), entanglement entropies of non-equilibrium finite-spin systems are examined for both traditional and extended cases. The extended entanglement entropy, $\hat{S}$, is derived, and it is found that the conditions for the maximum entangled state can be obtained through this approach. The capacity of the TFD-based method to distinguish between states in quantum systems is confirmed.
Neutrinos, mixed bosons, Quantum Reference Frames and entanglement
本文研究混合粒子态的量子参考系描述，提出可在量子框架下定义经典上模糊的静止系，并揭示涉及混合粒子反应中一种新的参考系依赖纠缠及其现象学意义。
扫码添加微信好友，提出您的宝贵建议 👇
💡 备注请填写：网站反馈
发表机构由 AI 从论文文本抽取，如发现错误，欢迎反馈修正建议。