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arXiv quant-ph/0509038quant-phcond-mat.str-elnucl-th
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弱耦合极限下费米子的随机平均场动力学

Stochastic mean-field dynamics for fermions in the weak coupling limit

Denis Lacroix

摘要:

假设平均场以外的剩余相互作用的影响很弱,并且具有很短的记忆时间,本文提出了两种用马尔可夫量子跃迁近似处理费米子系统关联的方法。首先提出了一个简化的情况下引入的波动超出平均场。在这个理论中,剩余相互作用和单体密度矩阵之间的部分量子关联被忽略,并且由态对$D=| Φ_a > < Φ_b |/< Φ_b . |Φ_a >$形成的多体密度之间发生跳跃,其中$| Φ_a >$和$| Φ_b >$是单粒子态的反对称化产物。讨论了随机平均场(SMF)理论,并将其应用于球形$^{40}$ Ca核在两体接触作用统计系综影响下的振动.然而,这一框架过于简单,无法解释波动和耗散。在本文的第二部分中,在不对量子关联进行近似的情况下,得到了另一种量子跳跃方法。在两粒子-两空穴剩余相互作用的限制下,关联系统的单体密度矩阵的演化转化为一个林德布拉德方程。相关的耗散动力学可以通过写为$D = | Φ>< Φ|$的密度之间的量子跳跃来模拟,其中$| Φ>$是归一化的斯莱特行列式。给出了单粒子波函数的随机薛定谔方程。

英文摘要:

Assuming that the effect of the residual interaction beyond mean-field is weak and has a short memory time, two approximate treatments of correlation in fermionic systems by means of Markovian quantum jump are presented. A simplified scenario for the introduction of fluctuations beyond mean-field is first presented. In this theory, part of the quantum correlations between the residual interaction and the one-body density matrix are neglected and jumps occur between many-body densities formed of pairs of states $D=| Φ_a > < Φ_b |/< Φ_b . |Φ_a >$ where $| Φ_a >$ and $| Φ_b >$ are antisymmetrized products of single-particle states. The underlying Stochastic Mean-Field (SMF) theory is discussed and applied to the monopole vibration of a spherical $^{40}$Ca nucleus under the influence of a statistical ensemble of two-body contact interaction. This framework is however too simplistic to account for both fluctuation and dissipation. In the second part of this work, an alternative quantum jump method is obtained without making the approximation on quantum correlations. Restricting to two particles-two holes residual interaction, the evolution of the one-body density matrix of a correlated system is transformed into a Lindblad equation. The associated dissipative dynamics can be simulated by quantum jumps between densities written as $D = | Φ>< Φ|$ where $| Φ>$ is a normalized Slater determinant. The associated stochastic Schroedinger equation for single-particle wave-functions is given.

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