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arXiv quant-ph/0503126quant-ph
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实验单向量子计算

Experimental One-Way Quantum Computing

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, A. Zeilinger

摘要:

标准的量子计算是基于处理量子位的酉量子逻辑门的序列。Raussendorf和Briegel提出的单向量子计算机完全不同。它改变了我们对量子计算要求的理解,以及我们对量子物理学的一般看法。这种新模型要求量子比特在高度纠缠的簇态中初始化。从这一点开始,量子计算通过一系列单量子比特测量进行,并对其结果进行经典前馈。由于测量的重要作用,单向量子计算机是不可逆的。在单向量子计算机中,测量的顺序和选择决定了计算的算法。我们已经在实验上实现了四量子比特团簇态编码成四个光子的偏振态。我们通过实现第一个实验性的四量子比特量子态层析成像,充分表征了量子态。使用这种簇状态,我们证明了单向量子计算的可行性,通过一个通用的一组和两个量子比特的操作。最后,我们对Grover搜索算法的实现表明,单向量子计算非常适合此类任务。

英文摘要:

Standard quantum computation is based on sequences of unitary quantum logic gates which process qubits. The one-way quantum computer proposed by Raussendorf and Briegel is entirely different. It has changed our understanding of the requirements for quantum computation and more generally how we think about quantum physics. This new model requires qubits to be initialized in a highly-entangled cluster state. From this point, the quantum computation proceeds by a sequence of single-qubit measurements with classical feedforward of their outcomes. Because of the essential role of measurement a one-way quantum computer is irreversible. In the one-way quantum computer the order and choices of measurements determine the algorithm computed. We have experimentally realized four-qubit cluster states encoded into the polarization state of four photons. We fully characterize the quantum state by implementing the first experimental four-qubit quantum state tomography. Using this cluster state we demonstrate the feasibility of one-way quantum computing through a universal set of one- and two-qubit operations. Finally, our implementation of Grover's search algorithm demonstrates that one-way quantum computation is ideally suited for such tasks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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