The Description of Polarization
Habatwa V. Mweene
本文将我们最近用来处理自旋的方法推广到极化。我们被引导到它的治疗的一般化。因此，我们能够将其矩阵处理与第一原理联系起来，并且我们获得了用于其描述的最广义概率幅和算子。
In this paper, we extend to polarization the method we have recently employed to treat spin. We are led to a generalization of its treatment. Thus, we are able to connect its matrix treatment to first principles, and we obtain the most generalized probability amplitudes and operators for its description.
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Relativistic Operator Description of Photon Polarization
我们提出了一个算子的方法来描述光子偏振，维格纳的基本相对论系统的概念的基础上。利用庞加莱群的幺正表示和宇称理论，构造了作用于光子在每个固定能量动量下的偏振态的类自旋算子。非平凡的拓扑特征，这些表示相关的无质量粒子，并从大规模的有限自旋表示的治疗偏离，突出和解决。
Quantum phase-space description of light polarization
本文提出了一种在连续变量系统中表征光场偏振态的方法。我们没有使用SU（2）准分布的抽象形式，而是通过沿两个正交轴叠加两个角频率相同的谐振子来模拟经典精神中的极化。通过描述每个振荡器的$s$参数化的准分布，我们推导出一个一致的方式的极化的最终功能。我们与以前的方法进行比较，并讨论如何在一些相关的例子中，这种形式主义的作品。
The properties of coherence and polarization of light has been the subject of intense investigations and form the basis of many technological applications. These concepts which historically have been treated independently can now be formulated under a single classical theory. Here, we derive a quantum counterpart for this theory, with basis on a density matrix formulation, which describes jointly the coherence and polarization properties of an ensemble of photons. The method is used to show how the degree of polarization of a specific class of mixed states changes on propagation in free space,…
Central-moment description of polarization for quantum states of light
提出了一种系统描述光的量子态偏振特性的矩展开方法。具体来说，我们链接的方法在不同方向上的庞加莱球的斯托克斯算子的测量，并提供了一种方法的偏振层析成像，而不诉诸全状态层析成像。我们将这些想法应用到一些双光子量子态的一阶和二阶偏振特性的实验。此外，我们表明，有一类状态的偏振特性不受其一阶矩（即，斯托克斯矢量），而是通过高阶偏振矩。
Polarization Structure of Quantum Light Fields: A New Insight. 2: Generalized Coherent States, Squeezing and Geometric Phases
在第一部分给出的量子光偏振结构的新描述中，研究了与偏振SU（2）群有关的几种广义相干态。在它们的帮助下，我们给出了光场偏振性质的准经典描述，并讨论了偏振量子光学中多模光场的压缩概念和测不准关系。由此得到了量子光偏振态的一种新分类。我们还推导了不同量子光束通过“偏振旋转器”传输时所获得的几何相位。
It has been accepted that the polarization of the photon in vector beams is entangled with its momentum. Here a quantum description is advanced for the polarization that shows entanglement with the momentum. This is done by showing that the Jones vector at each value of the momentum plays the role of the polarization wavefunction in the sense that the Pauli matrices represent the Cartesian components of the polarization in the local reference system with respect to which the Jones vector is defined. The unit vector that the constraint of transversality condition requires to specify the local r…
Polarization tensor in spacetime of three dimensions and quantum field theoretical description of the nonequilibrium Casimir force in graphene systems
本文将石墨烯 Dirac 模型中的极化张量改写为沿实频率轴的紧凑统一形式，并用于分析含空间色散的非平衡 Casimir 力。
A graphical description of optical parametric generation of squeezed states of light
产生强压缩态光的标准过程是在诸如LiNbO3或周期性极化KTP的电介质中的阈值以下的光学参量放大（OPA）。在这里，我们提出了一个图形描述的压缩光产生通过OPA。它可视化了介质的非线性电介质的极化与电磁量子场之间的相互作用。重点研究了光场的二阶非线性效应使光场从基态到压缩真空态和从相干态到明亮压缩态的转变。我们的图像形象地显示了量子不确定性的相位相关放大和去放大，并给出了所有传播的电磁场以及内部诱导的电介质的极化之间的相位关系。图形描述也可以用来描述通过非线性电介质的极化的高阶效应，如四波混频和光学克尔效应的光的非经典状态的产生。
Quantum mechanics of photons is derived from the theory of representations of the Poincaré group developed by Wigner. This theory places helicity as the most fundamental property; angular momentum and polarization are secondary characteristics. The properties of the beams of light are shown to be fully determined by the quantum states of the photons. Polarization of light beams is explained as the freedom to chose an arbitrary combination of the helicity states. Quantum mechanics of photons enables one to give a precise meaning to the concept of wave-particle duality.
On the Polarization of non-Guassian optical quantum field: higher-order optical-polarization
光的偏振表示电磁辐射关于传播方向的横向、各向异性和不对称的统计特性。传统上，光的偏振性由Stokes理论表征，这在评价光量子场的偏振结构方面是不充分的，而且也不能解释双特征偏振参数（实振幅比和相位差）。在经典描述光学偏振的基础上，提出了一种新的方法，该方法可以推广到处理量子光的高阶偏振，特别是非高斯薛定谔猫态或类猫态以及纠缠双模相干态。由于这种光量子场的准单模或多模性质，高阶偏振被认为对描述的基础高度敏感。
Demonstration of Open Quantum System Optimal Control in Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
动态核极化（DNP）用于核磁共振（NMR）中，以将极化从电子自旋转移到核自旋。理论上，由此产生的核极化增强可以是两个或三个数量级，具体取决于样本。然而，在固态系统中，存在DNP的竞争机制，当它们同时发生时，会降低核自旋的净极化增强。我们提出了一个简单的量子描述的DNP和应用最优控制理论（OCT）与开放量子系统的框架来设计脉冲，选择一个DNP过程和抑制其他。我们实验证明了使用OCT脉冲的DNP增强的数量级改善。
Polarization statistical properties of the emission from the single mode Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers with the equally living laser levels
建立了垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）频率参数之间任意关系的朗之万方程组形式的全量子统计理论。同样的理论治疗在参考。[1，2]已使用。为了进行详细的分析，该理论被应用于激光器具有相等的生活激光能级，并在此基础上的斯托克斯参数波动的光谱密度的解析表达式中获得的物理现象，包括自旋翻转和光学各向异性的显式依赖。结果表明，在泵浦下，电子在子能级之间的任意分布并不限制在量子极限以下实现噪声降低的可能性。与现象学处理比较。[3]结果表明，这种方法并不令人满意。
We derive the polarization tensor of graphene at nonzero temperature in (2+1)-dimensional space-time. The obtained tensor coincides with the previously known one at all Matsubara frequencies, but, in contrast to it, admits analytic continuation to the real frequency axis satisfying all physical requirements. Using the obtained representation for the polarization tensor, we develope quantum field theoretical description for the reflectivity of graphene. The analytic asymptotic expressions for the reflection coefficients and reflectivities at low and high frequencies are derived for both indepen…
Generalized Arago-Fresnel laws: The EME-flow-line description
从理论和实验上研究了光的偏振对衍射光栅后干涉图样的影响。不同的偏振态和配置被认为是。实验分析的电磁能量（EME）的流线，这最终可以确定的光子遵循的路径。这就产生了一个新的轨迹解释的阿拉戈-菲涅耳定律的偏振光，我们比较的概念的基础上的解释“哪条路”（或“哪条缝”）的信息。
The standard description of cavity-modified molecular reactions typically involves a single (resonant) mode, while in reality the quantum cavity supports a range of photon modes. Here we demonstrate that as more photon modes are accounted for, physico-chemical phenomena can dramatically change, as illustrated by the cavity-induced suppression of the important and ubiquitous process of proton-coupled electron-transfer. Using a multi-trajectory Ehrenfest treatment for the photon-modes, we find that self-polarization effects become essential, and we introduce the concept of self-polarization-modi…
On the mathematical description of combined PMD PDL effects in optical communications and how their induced impairments can be minimized
本文提出利用扩展洛伦兹群的不可约旋量表示来描述光纤中的综合PMD-PDL效应，并通过光学相共轭技术有效减少其引起的损害。
Quantum descriptions of polarization show the rich degrees of freedom underlying classical light. While changes in polarization of light are well-described classically, a full quantum description of polarimetry, which characterizes substances by their effects on incident light's polarization, is lacking. We provide sets of quantum channels that underlie classical polarimetry and thus correspond to arbitrary Mueller matrices. This allows us to inspect how the quantum properties of light change in a classical polarimetry experiment, and to investigate the extra flexibility that quantum states ha…
Exact treatment of magnetism-driven ferroelectricity in the one-dimensional compass model
考虑了一类在外部磁场中具有反对称Dzyaloshinskiii-Moriya交换作用的一维Compass模型.基于Jordan-Wigner变换得到的精确解，我们研究了激发能隙、自旋关联、基态简并度和相变的临界性质.有限电场和磁场下的相图由铁磁相、斜反铁磁相和手征相组成。Dzyaloshinskiii-Moriya相互作用在手征相的基态中诱导了电极化，在那里出现了非局域弦序和纠缠谱的特殊特征，而强手征相关在有限温度下出现在其他相中，并由非手征基态和手征激发之间的间隙控制。我们进一步表明，在所有阶段的磁电效应消失以上的一个典型的温度对应的有效费米子模型的总带宽。为此，我们探讨熵，比热，磁化，电极化的强度，和磁电张量在有限温度。我们确定了相当奇特的比热和极化行为的指南针模型，从高度沮丧的相互作用。
Perturbative treatment of inter-site couplings in the local description of open quantum networks
考虑了一个相互弱耦合的量子点系统和一个或多个库（开放量子网络）的量子主方程的构造问题。量子主方程的微观推导需要网络的哈密顿量的对角化，这可能是一项困难的任务。当场间耦合较弱时，常采用忽略场间耦合对系统-水库耦合影响的局部方法。最近，有人对当地做法的一致性提出了一些疑问。我们开发了一个系统的微扰扩展，以获得修正的本地方法，并建立其有效性范围。使用这种扩展的本地方法，我们推导出一个特定的模型的热通量的表达式，并表明它不违反热力学第二定律。
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