关于在光纤通信中综合PMD-PDL效应的数学描述以及如何最小化其引起的损害
On the mathematical description of combined PMD PDL effects in optical communications and how their induced impairments can be minimized
AI总结：
本文提出利用扩展洛伦兹群的不可约旋量表示来描述光纤中的综合PMD-PDL效应，并通过光学相共轭技术有效减少其引起的损害。
摘要：
本文展示，光纤中综合偏振模式色散和偏振相关损耗（综合PMD-PDL效应或损害）的正确数学框架是扩展洛伦兹群的不可约旋量表示。综合PMD-PDL效应被证明正式等同于作用于自旋1/2零质量粒子上的洛伦兹变换。由于存在两种不同的不可约旋量表示，因此必须存在两种不同种类的偏振状态（SOPs）用于描述PMD-PDL效应。允许将一种转换为另一种的光学过程被识别为光学相共轭。光学相共轭在洛伦兹群表示理论中扮演着与时间反演算子相同的作用。一种实用且极其重要的例子，一种显著减少PMD-PDL引起的损害的技术，被提出。该技术允许以非常简单直接的方式取消综合PMD-PDL损害中的PDL部分。
英文摘要：
In this paper it is shown that the correct mathematical framework of combined polarization mode dispersion and polarization dependent losses (combined PMD-PDL effects or impairments) in optical fibers is the irreducible spinor representation of the extended Lorentz Group. Combined PMD-PDL effects are shown to be formally identical to Lorentz Transformations acting on spin 1/2 zero mass particles. Since there are two different irreducible spinor representations of the restricted Lorentz Group, there must also exist two kinds of states of polarizations (SOPs) that are relevant in the description of PMD-PDL effects. The optical process that allows to convert one kind into the other is identified as optical phase conjugation. Optical phase conjugation plays the same role as the time inversion operator in the Lorentz Group representation theory. A practical and extremely important example of utility of these ideas, a technique that significantly reduces the PMD-PDL induced impairments, is presented. This technique allows to cancel the PDL part of the combined PMD-PDL impairments in a very simple and straightforward way.
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