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arXiv quant-ph/0412101quant-ph
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圆上纯量子比特的估计

Estimation of pure qubits on circles

Samuel L. Braunstein, Sibasish Ghosh, Simone Severini

摘要:

Gisin和Popescu [PRL,83,432(1999)]已经表明,与一对平行自旋相比,可以从一对反平行自旋中获得更多关于它们方向的信息,其中该对的第一个成员(我们称之为指针成员)可以沿着布洛赫球中的任何方向相等地指向。他们认为,这是由于这两种状态的字母表所跨越的维度不同。在这里,我们考虑类似的字母表,但与第一自旋限制在一个固定的小圆圈的布洛赫球。在这种情况下,反平行字母表与平行字母表所跨越的维度现在相等。然而,反平行字母表被发现仍然包含更多的信息一般。我们将其推广到具有N个平行自旋和M个反平行自旋。当指针成员被限制为一个小圆圈时,这些字母表再次跨越相等维度的空间,但一般来说,对于具有较小维度的集合,可以找到更多的方向信息。|N-m|对于任何固定的旋转总数。我们发现,在这些情况下,用于提取方向信息的最佳POVM总是可以表示在傅立叶基。我们的研究结果表明,维度本身不能解释更大的信息内容,在反平行组合的自旋相比,平行组合。此外,我们描述了一个LOCC协议,提取最佳的方向信息时,指针成员被限制在一个小圆圈和一对平行的自旋供应。

英文摘要:

Gisin and Popescu [PRL, 83, 432 (1999)] have shown that more information about their direction can be obtained from a pair of anti-parallel spins compared to a pair of parallel spins, where the first member of the pair (which we call the pointer member) can point equally along any direction in the Bloch sphere. They argued that this was due to the difference in dimensionality spanned by these two alphabets of states. Here we consider similar alphabets, but with the first spin restricted to a fixed small circle of the Bloch sphere. In this case, the dimensionality spanned by the anti-parallel versus parallel alphabet is now equal. However, the anti-parallel alphabet is found to still contain more information in general. We generalize this to having N parallel spins and M anti-parallel spins. When the pointer member is restricted to a small circle these alphabets again span spaces of equal dimension, yet in general, more directional information can be found for sets with smaller |N-M| for any fixed total number of spins. We find that the optimal POVMs for extracting directional information in these cases can always be expressed in terms of the Fourier basis. Our results show that dimensionality alone cannot explain the greater information content in anti-parallel combinations of spins compared to parallel combinations. In addition, we describe an LOCC protocol which extract optimal directional information when the pointer member is restricted to a small circle and a pair of parallel spins are supplied.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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