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arXiv quant-ph/0406238quant-ph
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维格纳函数的概率问题

Probabilistic aspects of Wigner function

Constantin V. Usenko

摘要:

量子系统的Wigner函数是构造系统的近似经典描述的有效工具,对于这些系统,经典近似是可能的。在最后一次中,维格纳函数形式主义也被应用于寻求量子系统的特定量子性质的指示,导致经典近似构造的不可能性。最重要的是,作为这样一个指示的存在性,在维格纳函数的特定状态的量子系统正在研究。这些值的存在本身就影响了维格纳函数的概率解释,尽管对于一个任意的依赖于量子系统的坐标和动量的可观测量,维格纳函数提供了一个有效的工具来计算平均值和其他统计特征。在本文中,概率解释的维格纳函数的基础上协调的概率密度的理论概率定义,与限制的物理小域的相空间由于不确定原理,提出。

英文摘要:

The Wigner function of quantum systems is an effective instrument to construct the approximate classical description of the systems for which the classical approximation is possible. During the last time, the Wigner function formalism is applied as well to seek indications of specific quantum properties of quantum systems leading to impossibility of the classical approximation construction. Most of all, as such an indication the existence of negative values in Wigner function for specific states of the quantum system being studied is used. The existence of such values itself prejudices the probabilistic interpretation of the Wigner function, though for an arbitrary observable depending jointly on the coordinate and the momentum of the quantum system just the Wigner function gives an effective instrument to calculate the average value and the other statistical characteristics. In this paper probabilistic interpretation of the Wigner function based on coordination of theoretical-probabilistic definition of the probability density, with restrictions to a physically small domain of phase space due to the uncertainty principle, is proposed.

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