为什么概率定律支配着量子力学和神经生物学？

Why physical understanding should precede the mathematical formalism - conditional quantum probabilities as a case-study

Conditional probabilities in quantum systems which have both initial and final boundary conditions are commonly evaluated using the Aharonov-Bergmann-Lebowitz rule. In this short note we present a seemingly disturbing paradox that appears when applying the rule to systems with slightly broken degeneracies. In these cases we encounter a singular limit - the probability "jumps" when going from perfect degeneracy to negligibly broken one. We trace the origin of the paradox and solve it from both traditional and modern perspectives in order to highlight the physics behind it: the necessity to take…

量子宇宙

The Quantum Universe

在宇宙是一个没有外部观测者的封闭量子系统的基础上，我们提出了一个宇宙跳跃通过一系列阶段的范式。每一个阶段都由一个量子态、一个信息内容和控制时间演化的规则来定义。目前我们只理解其中的一部分规则;我们可以计算出量子问题的答案，但我们不知道为什么这些问题首先被提出来。在这种范式中，时间与信息提取的量子过程同义，而不是与时间维度相关的标签。我们讨论了宇宙学的含义。