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arXiv quant-ph/0309174quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallphysics.atom-ph
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存在含时线性势时Schrodinger方程解的Lewis-Riesenfeld方法

Lewis-Riesenfeld approach to the solutions of Schrodinger equation in the presence of the presence of a time-dependent linear potential

Pi-Gang Luan, Chi-Shung Tang

摘要:

在Lewis-Riesenfeld框架下,重新研究了位形空间中含时线性势的薛定谔方程的通解.为了比较,我们也在动量空间中求解问题,然后对解进行傅里叶变换,得到一般的波函数。在后一种方法中,适当选择权函数,可以得到与前一种方法相同的波函数。研究发现,非厄米含时线性不变量可以用来获得含时系统的高斯型波包(GTWP)解。该算子是初始动量算子和初始位置算子的特定线性组合。这一事实表明,在含时量子系统中,决定经典运动的初始位置和初始动量等积分常数起着重要的作用。线性不变量的本征函数被解释为具有沿经典轨迹运动的“质心“的波包,而初始位置和初始动量的系数之间的比率决定了波包的宽度。

英文摘要:

We reexamine the general solution of a Schrödinger equation in the presence of a time-dependent linear potential in configuration space based on the Lewis-Riesenfeld framework. For comparison, we also solve the problem in momentum space and then Fourier transform the solution to get the general wave function. Appropriately choosing the weight function in the latter method, we can obtain the same wave function as the former method. It is found that non-Hermitian time-dependent linear invariant can be used to obtain Gaussian-type wave-packet (GTWP) solutions of the time-dependent system. This operator is a specific linear combination of the initial momentum and initial position operators. This fact indicates that the constants of integration such as the initial position and initial momentum that determine the classical motion play important roles in the time-dependent quantum system. The eigenfunction of the linear invariant is interpreted as a wave packet with a "center of mass" moving along the classical trajectory, while the ratio between the coefficients of the initial position and initial momentum determines the width of the wave packet.

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