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arXiv quant-ph/0305189quant-ph
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一种适用于大小量子粒子的非对称双缝干涉仪

An asymmetric double-slit interferometer for small and large quantum particles

Mirjana Bozic, Dusan Arsenovic, Lepsa Vuskovic

摘要:

干涉现象的量子理论没有考虑粒子的直径,因为在早期的观测中,粒子比狭缝的宽度小得多。在最近的大分子实验中,粒子的直径已经接近狭缝的宽度。因此,这些情况的分析描述应包括有限的颗粒尺寸。一般的量子干涉装置是非对称双缝干涉仪。本文用非对称干涉仪中薛定谔方程的两种形式的解来计算粒子横向运动的波函数:Fresnel-Kirchhoff形式和由动量表象中的横波函数导出的形式。横向动量分布与到狭缝的距离无关,而空间分布强烈依赖于这个距离。根据横向动量分布,我们确定了狭缝后粒子的空间分布。我们将介绍两个案例:a)当颗粒的直径相对于两个狭缝的宽度可以忽略时,以及b)当颗粒的直径大于较小狭缝的宽度时。

英文摘要:

Quantum theory of interference phenomena does not take the diameter of the particle into account, since particles were much smaller than the width of the slits in early observations. In recent experiments with large molecules, the diameter of the particle has approached the width of the slits. Therefore, analytical description of these cases should include a finite particle size. The generic quantum interference setup is an asymmetric double slit interferometer. We evaluate the wave function of the particle transverse motion using two forms of the solution of Schrodinger's equation in an asymmetric interferometer: the Fresnel-Kirchhoff form and the form derived from the transverse wave function in the momentum representation. The transverse momentum distribution is independent of the distance from the slits, while the space distribution strongly depends on this distance. Based on the transverse momentum distribution we determined the space distribution of particles behind the slits. We will present two cases: a) when the diameter of the particle may be neglected with respect to the width of both slits, and b) when the diameter of the particle is larger than the width of the smaller slit.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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